Hypetension

Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure. Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against the walls of your arteries as the heart pumps blood through the body. Blood pressure readings are measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and usually given as two numbers — for example, 120 over 80 (written as 120/80 mmHg). One or both of these numbers can be too high. The top number is your systolic pressure. †¢It is considered high if it is over 140 most of the time. †¢It is considered normal if it is below 120 most of the time. The bottom number is your diastolic pressure. †¢It is considered high if it is over 90 most of the time. †¢It is considered normal if it is below 80 most of the time. nlm. nih. gov Nursing Diagnosis for Hypertension Decreased Cardiac Output related to increased afterload, vasoconstriction, myocardial ischemia, ventricular hypertrophy Nursing Intervention for Hypertension †¢Monitor blood pressure †¢Note the central and peripheral pulse quality †¢Auscultation of heart and breath sounds †¢Observe skin color, moisture, temperature and capillary filling time †¢Observe the general edema Provide quiet environment, comfortable †¢Suggest to reduce activity. †¢Maintain restrictions on activities such as recess ditemapt bed / chair †¢Help perform self-care activities as needed †¢Perform actions such as a comfortable back and neck massage †¢Encourage relaxation techniques †¢Give fluid restriction and sodium diet as indicated. Nursi ng Diagnosis for Hypertension Risk for Ineffective Tissue perfusion: Peripheral, Renal, Gastrointestinal, Cardiopulmonary related to impaired circulation Nursing Intervention for Hypertension †¢Maintain bed rest, elevate head of bed †¢Assess blood pressure at admission in both arms, sleeping, sitting with arterial pressure monitoring if available †¢Maintain fluid and drugs. †¢Observe the sudden hypotension. †¢Measure inputs and expenditures †¢Monitor electrolytes, BUN, creatinine. †¢Ambulation according to ability; avoid fatigue A community nursing diagnosis is a clinical statement of an actual or potential health problem in a community. A nurse bases identification on her professional judgment, in order to create a plan for improvement. 1. Basis oWhile medical doctors treat diseases and conditions, nurses treat the physical, psychological, social or cultural problems that arise from a disease or condition. A community nursing diagnosis promotes wellness. Scope oA community nursing diagnosis focuses on health promotion among a specific group of people in one place over a period of time. Therefore, a community can describe a city, a school or a given population, such as the homeless. Purpose The community nursing diagnosis is used to identify available resources, develop educational materials and plan interventions to address illness or improve health within the population. Components oA community nursing diagnosis includes three parts: a problem or risk statement (illness or desired improvement), related factors (cause or etiology) and the signs and symptoms (based on confirmed subjective and objective assessment dat a). Classification oThe North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) is a recognized authority on nursing diagnoses and maintains a standardized database of nursing diagnostic terminology.

Noli Me Tangere Essay

During the gloomy winter of Berlin -Rizal was famished, sick, and despondent. -Notwithstanding his empty stomach, his painful coughing, and his despairing spirit, he continued writing his first novel. -He finished the novel on February 21, 1887 It was the Noli Me Tangere. His first novel. *Idea of Writing A Novel on Philippines* – His reading Harriet Beecher Stowe’s uncle Tom’s Cabin. which portrays the brutalities of American slave-owners and the pathetic conditions of the unfortunate negro, slaves, inspired Dr. Rizal to prepare a novel on the Philippines. -He was then a student in the Central University of Madrid. -In a reunion of Filipinos in the house of the paternos in Madrid on January 2, 1884. -Among whom were the paternos (Pedro, Maximino, and Antonio), Graciano Lopez Jaena, Evaristo Aguirre, Eduardo do de lete, Julio Llorante, and Valentin Ventura. *The Writing of the †Noli.†* -Toward the 1884, Rizal began writing the novel in Madrid and finished about one –haft of it. -He went to Paris in 1885, after completing his studies in the Universidad Central de Madrid. -He wrote the last fourth of the novel in Germany. -During the dark days of December, 1886. -He wrote to his friend, Fernando Canon; â€Å"I did not believe that the Noli Me Tangere would ever be published when I was in Berlin, heart-broken weakened, and discouraged from hunger and deprivation. -In mid-December, a telegram Barcelona arrived. -It was sent by Dr.Maximo Viola. *The Man who Saved the â€Å"Noli.†* -The first edition of the Noli was printed in Berlin in 1887. -The cost of printing was 300 pesos (advance by Vioa) for 2,000 copies. – A dedicatory autograph as follows: â€Å"To my dear Friend, Maximo Viola , the first to read and appreciate my work – Jose Rizal, March 29, 1887, Berlin.† -This Date- March 29, 1887, is a significant date for it was when the Noli Me Tangere came off the press. *The Title of the Novel.* -The title Noli Me Tangere, isa a latin phrase which means â€Å"Touch me Not.† -Rizal, writing to Felix R. Hidalgo in French in March 1887. -It should be the Gospel of st. John (chapter 20, Verses 13 to 17). *The author’s Dedication.* -Rizal dedicated the Noli Me Tangere to the Philippines – â€Å"To My Country.† *Synopsis of the â€Å"Noli†* -The Novel Noli Me Tangere contains 63 chapters and an epilogue. -It Begins with a reception given by Capitan Tiago (Santiago de los Santos) -at his house in Calle Analoague ( now Juan Luna Street) on the last day of October. -This Reception or dinner was given in honor of Crisostomo Ibarra. -Among the guests during the reception were Padre Damaso, a Franciscan friar who had been parish priest of San Diego (Calamba). -Padre Sibyla, a young Dominican parish Priest of binondo. -Senior Guevara, an elderly and kind lieutenant of the Guardian Civi. -Don Tiburcio de Espadania, a bogus spanish Physician , lame, and henpecked husband of Donia Victorina; and several ladies. -During the dinner the conversation on Ibarra’s studies and travels abroad. -Padre damaso was in bad mood because he got a bony neck and hard wing of the chicken tinola. -Ibarra left capitan tiago’s house to return to his hotel. -Don Rafael’s father was a rich and brave man. -He visited Maria Clara, his childhood sweetheart. -Ibarra was angered by the grave-digger’s story. -Ibarra’s left the cemetery . on the way, he met padre salvi, Franciscan parish priest of san Diego. -In his town, Ibarra met several interesting people , such as the wise old man Tasio the sage. â€Å"Tasio the Lunatic.† -Governadoroillo, who catered to wishes of the Spanish parish priest; Don Filipo Lino, teniente mayor and leader. -Don Melchor, the captain of the cuadrilleros (town Police). -Capitan tiago, Maria Clara and aunt Isabel who took care of Maria Clara, after mother’s death arrive in san diego. -Ibarra and his friends gave a picnic in the lake. -Among those present in the picnic, were Maria Clara and her four girl friends, â€Å"the merry sinang, the grave Victoria, the beautiful Iday, and the thoughtful Neneng.† –

A Passover Way to Teach

An analysis of the article A Passover Way to Teach by R. Rothstein in which the author argues that the Jewish Haggadah offers an approach to learning that solves current learning problems. The paper examines the idea presented in A Passover Way to Teach that the Jewish Haggadah presents teaching methods that are more effective than the methods used in a modern education system. The paper discusses the validity of the claim by presenting the flaws and problems in the argument. The paper explains the difficulty of adopting this teaching approach to a modern education system. The major flaw is that the Haggadah refers to teaching spiritual values in the context of an ancient culture. It is not easy to apply this to modern society and to the modern classroom. Despite the claim that the Haggadah solves the problems of modern education, few real answers are provided. The major point that children should be taught according to their own needs has some benefit if the focus remains on the how of learning, but instead the author focuses on the what of learning.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) planning in Toyota Motor in Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) planning in Toyota Motor in Europe in 2010 - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that with the onset of the economic slowdown during the recession period Toyota have gone through several challenges for a sustainable growth in the business environment. In spite of such a tough situation the company has always ensured safety and customer satisfaction to the top priority and implemented several strategies for a better understanding of the market as well as for the environment. After the recession period, the company has gone through a fresh start and steer towards a new growth direction with its new Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) approach. Always committed to supplying safe and reliable vehicles for the market the company always looked after the dynamic need of the customers and the marketplace together. In the process, the company has great support from the stakeholders and the people related to the company who helped for this sustainable growth of the company in the competitive environment. The company is not only into the development of safer car as its CSR approach but also involved into serving the people associated with the company business who provides the high-quality products from the company for the growing market needs. With the global crisis of energy Toyota also looks after developing eco-friendly cars for the society and grows in hand with the environment with the safe and reliable vehicles for the society. For an efficient handling of the Corporate Social Responsibility program, the corporate team has established the CSR committee who are into the management process of the CSR departments and the promotion of the approach and help the company to implement strategies for its CSR activities. The legal compliance is looked after by the core Corporate Ethics Committee and the Philanthropy Committee manages the social activities for a better reach and promotional activities which facilitates the process of long-term growth for the company. The management of CSR activities for Toyota consistently looks after the improvements of the different processes for the firm. The Corporate Social Responsibility program for the company is primarily focused towards the assessment of the internal as well as the external entities for the firm. The assessment program gives the chance for the company to look after and identify the weak points of the company and evaluate strategies accordingly for the midlevel and long-term growth of Toyota.

Bertrand Russell (1912) The Value of Philosophy and Brie Gertler Essay

Bertrand Russell (1912) The Value of Philosophy and Brie Gertler (2008) In Defense of Mind-Body Dualism - Essay Example Deliberating fundamental questions on the meaning of life, human nature, the cosmos, etc do not have any commercial value. But a life lived without such philosophical speculation is quite limited and enslaved. Philosophy helps us to broaden our intellectual and emotional horizons by subjugating our self-interest. It cultivates in us to focus on the non-Self, which liberates us from individual petty concerns and veers our consciousness toward bigger questions on the human condition. In other words, if specialized disciplines in science are preoccupied with the ‘how’ question, philosophy is concerned with the ‘why’ question. As Russell aptly terms it, philosophy helps us to move beyond the ‘here and now’. In doing so, it makes us separate from the particular circumstances of history and culture, thereby experiencing a universal mode of existence. Uncertainty is a basic feature of philosophy, where various answers are proposed for any given question. It is this element of uncertainty that distinguishes philosophy from other scientific disciplines. But instead of causing ambiguity, the open-ended speculations actually enhance our imagination and identify novel solutions. As the magisterium of our mind is expanded we become calmer and more secure. Unlike the defensive and anxious behaviour of the unenlightened person, the one well-versed with philosophy is able to negotiate all sorts of contingencies in life with relative ease. I totally agree with Russell’s assessment of the value of philosophy. I strongly believe that philosophy should be moved into mainstream academia, away from its perception as an esoteric pursuit. Today, almost every major problem in society is caused as a result of an unenlightened citizenry. With education increasingly becoming skill-oriented or vocational, generations of adults graduate from college without social consciousness. Studying philosophy mitigates this phenomenon by prompting us with valid questions. And in

Theory and Philosophy of Nurse Practitioner Term Paper

Theory and Philosophy of Nurse Practitioner - Term Paper Example The various theories of nursing contribute to better clinical practice and enhance the experiences of nurse practitioners in providing optimal care to the patients and contribute to the nursing profession (Alligood, 2014). Medicine and effective healthcare is a science as well as an art that applies scientifically proven theories into practice with state of the art personal skills and exemplary behavioral traits. It is a science because nursing education empowers individuals with specialized knowledge and expertise for optimal healthcare outcome of patients. It exploits scientific knowledge to alleviate pain and promote patients’ welfare. At the same time, it is an art as personal skills, attitude and empathy of nurses become critical ingredients that help build constructive relationships with patients and promote trust that lead to improved patients’ outcome. They facilitate integration of a holistic approach by promoting physical, mental and social well-being of the patients and ethically delivered care to medically sick people. Thus, making special efforts to understand people and incorporating values in their interaction, nurses develop the art of interacting with patients, carer and other stakeholders. The two most important theories of nursing that I like to apply within clinical environment are: theory of value based practice; and evidence based practice. The theory of values based practice becomes hugely pertinent in the current environment of rapid globalization when the changing dynamics of society necessitate better understanding of cross-cultural values and ethically delivered care. Globalization has ushered in pluralistic society where people comprise of different race, color, culture and nationality. Cultural competencies of nurses considerably facilitate them to build relationship with patients which expedite

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 22

Case Study Example Ellen can consider having trademarks that would help her to stop anybody from using the marks she chooses for her products (Rustad & Cyrus 6). Design rights will help protect the form of Ellen’s products. The things that Ellen can protect using design rights include computer icons, software fonts, on screen displays and trading name. Ellen’s databases of educational materials, social bookmarking tools, digital stories, and collection of audio recordings should be protected using database right. This right extends to metadata that compilers create to encourage the addition or subtraction of files and datasets relating to the structure and arrangement of data in a given database (Rustad & Cyrus 7). Children between age four and six lack a mastery of ethical thinking and needs web operators like Ellen to protect them from unethical use of the internet. Ellen has to be cognizant of the children’s temptation of viewing obscene content in the internet. Obscene content in the internet includes sexually suggestive content sent or received through the internet. This is what has come to be popularly known as sexting. Pornography and sexually explicit materials is another ethical issue with young internet users. Exposure to violent media has been found to be an important correlate of aggressive behavior among children. Privacy issue has gained prominence as an ethical issue among young internet users. Children are tricked into disclosing personal information such as those required to allow access into certain internet content. This information can be used to cause harm to the child or their families (Rustad & Cyrus 8). The Children Online Privacy Protection Act requires web operators to include privacy policies. The act also requires operators to provide ways of seeking verifiable consent from parents and specifies an operator’s responsibilities in protecting

Border security issues (week 3) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Border security issues (week 3) - Essay Example However, Narco-Traficante economy has also provided income for some people and thus they use this money for buying of normal goods in the normal economy. Amexica being a region located between two countries has a multitude of cultures. These cultures originate from different generations, resulting to residents of this region adopting to more than one culture. The people of this region have however been able to maintain their native culture despite also adopting modern cultures. In terms of language the people of this region use English and Spanish interchangeably and have even coined a new language by mixing these two languages. â€Å"Spanglish† as known by Hispanic-Americans is a unique language that emerged as a result of the switching between English and Spanish languages (Meadow, 2009). The language borrows words from English and makes them have Spanish sounding for efficiency. To convey words that have cultural meaning the users mix Spanish between English sentences. Apart from a unique language the Amexica culture also has a unique and rich blend of music styles. The music in Amexica is a blend of some of the Mexican music styles with other music styles from other cultures such as the European culture (Meadow, 2009). This music has also been able to incorporate music instruments that were popular in Europe, for instance the polka and the accordion. Meadows, B. (2009). Nationalism and language learning at the US/Mexico border: An ethnographically-sensitive critical discourse analysis of the reproduction of nation, power, and privilege in an English language classroom. Detroit:

End of Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

End of Life - Essay Example On the contrary, the scope of end-of-life care essentially aims to define guidelines for caring for patients whose death is expected or anticipated rather than working towards enhancing their life expectancy (Grinyer, 2011). The emergence of ethical dilemmas in end-of-life care are essentially rooted in handling sensitive issues and challenges which surface when executing significant decisions regarding an individual’s life. Thorns (2010) highlights that ethical considerations in the implementation of the process focus upon understanding the patient’s state so as to choose whether to continue with the treatment procedures or discontinue their provision. Moreover, under such circumstances where an individual likely does not possess the required psychological understanding to make correct decisions, concerned attendants and doctors are faced with either challenging the patients’ independence or agreeing with their choices thereby, granting them the right to possess complete control of their position and circumstances (Thorns, 2010). The emergence of ethical considerations in end-of-life care however, is not limited to the aforementioned assertions henceforth, this issue remains highly debated in scholarly circles; this paper applies three prominent ethical perspectives to critically evaluate and examine the concept from an ethical viewpoint. The utilitarian perspective explores theoretical issues from a multifaceted lens with reference to the concepts of end-of-life care and the role of doctors in the recognizing the independence and autonomy of patients with reference making their life decisions. As stated by Singer (2003) the nature of utilitarianism as a branch of consequentialism implies that the value of ethics in terms of each action or behavior is expected to be judged on an individual basis. In terms of examining the implications of adhering to utilitarianism the implications of the decision can be judged in a

Construction Industry Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Construction Industry Report - Essay Example In contemporary Western cultures it is possible for individuals to work in 5-10 different occupations before retirement. However, current thinking on careers tends to be conditioned by older and sometimes outmoded concepts of what a career ought to be. The relatively stable patterns that many in New Zealand enjoyed from 1945 - 1985 represents a past of relational contracts, steady advancement and mutual loyalty which is difficult to replicate in today's society (Elkin, Jackson & Inkson, 2004). A study conducted by Michael Arthur and his colleagues at the University of Auckland looked in depth at the careers of 75 representative New Zealanders from 1985 to 1995 (Arthur, Inkson & Pringle, 1999). Arthur's study found that individuals moved between employers and between jobs with relative ease. Very few of these moves were upward, career building moves such as promotion. For example, Arthur found that more than 60% of the people in the sample changed occupations in the 10 years covered by the study. Eighty five percent moved between organisations. The Centre for Research on Work, Education and Research Limited conducted case studies of four industries including the construction industry. ... (Centre for Research on Work, Education and Research Limited, 2004). Some skilled tradesmen in construction who had become independent contractors in the past when made redundant or by choice were reported as being worse off financially than previously. These men were a supply of labour because their alternative was to work as a sub-contractor on private building sites where they might, for example, work for 60-70 hours a week but earn only an effective $7-$8 an hour. Researchers claim that people employed in the construction industry are classified as realistic. They have mechanical abilities, like working outdoors with tools and objects and they prefer dealing with things rather than people. Construction workers tend to like practical and physical activities and they are task orientated. The construction sector is highly labour intensive. Whereas other industries can increase production by using a mix of more people and more machinery, construction is much more reliant on people. Work Environment The construction industry is seen by some people as hazardous or dangerous. The injury rate per thousand workers for the Total Construction Industry calculated from ACC Entitlement Claims Data as a whole for the 2004 year was approximately 30 injuries per thousand workers. The rate of injury was relatively stable over the 2001-2004 period even though New Zealand experienced somewhat of a 'boom' period for the industry, with many new and inexperienced workers entering the industry. (New Zealand Construction Industry Council, 2005). On the other hand, injury costs for the industry over the period 2001 to 2004 show a downward trend. As

Decentralisation Advantages and Limitations of Decentralization Essay Example for Free

Decentralisation Advantages and Limitations of Decentralization Essay Decentralisation of authority is another concept closely related to centralisation. The delegation of authority by an individual manager is closely related to organization’s Decentralisation of authority. Decentralisation of authority means conscious/systematic effort to bring dispersal (spreading) of decision making power to the lower levels of the Organisation. In decentralisation, only broad powers will be reserved at the top level. Such powers include power to plan, organise, direct and control and maximum powers will delegated to the authority at the lower level. Decentralisation is just opposite to centralisation. Under centralisation, authority is mostly concentrated at the top level management. Centralisation and decentralisation are mutually dependent. In a large Organisation, the process of centralisation and decentralisation co-exist and reinforce each other. Decentralisation is a natural development when the Organisation grows large and complex. Here, centralisation of management is neither possible nor desirable. The only practical solution is to divide the Organisation into decision-making units and giving the powers to take routine types of decisions in regard to the functioning of those units. This is decentralisation in practice. In decentralisation, systematic efforts are being made to delegate to the lowest levels all authority except that which can only be exercised at the central points. Decentralisation is delegation not from one individual to another but delegation to all units in an Organisation. A company is said to be highly decentralized, when the delegation is company-wide in all functions and divisions of the company and also for a wide range of authorities and responsibilities. Decentralisation is different from centralisation as in centralisation, the decision making power is in the hands of one person only. We observe such centralisation in sole trading concerns. It is also noted that centralisation is one feature of traditional management in India while decentralisation is a normal practice under professional management. Definitions of Decentralisation According to Henry Fayol, Everything that goes to increase the importance of the subordinate’s role is decentralisation, everything that goes to reduce it is centralisation. According to Louis Allen, decentralisation refers to the systematic effort to delegate to the lowest levels all authority except that which can only be exercised at central point. This definition makes it clear that even in decentralisation, delegation to the lowest levels is not complete as the basic functions in the management process are centralized. Advantages / Importance of Decentralization 1. Decentralisation helps to improve the quality of decisions/decision-making at the top level management : Decentralisation of authority among other executives at all levels in the Organisation relieves the top executive of the excessive burden saving his valuable time, which he can devote to more important and long-term problems. This is bound to improve the quality of his decisions regarding such problems. 2. Decentralisation facilitates diversification of activities : It is a matter of common experience that an Organisation with departmentation on the basis of products facilitates diversification of products or market even when the authority is centralized. Decentralisation takes this process a step further. Managers of semi-autonomous product divisions are able to utilise their skills and experienced judgment. This has a bearing on their products and the market. The enterprise also attains maximum possible growth. Decentralisation is beneficial when new product lines or new activities are introduced in an Organisation. Such policy creates self sufficient units under overall co-ordination of top level management. 3. Decentralisation encourages development of managerial personnel : Most companies find lack of managerial talent as a limiting factor in their growth. A company cannot expand effectively beyond the scope and abilities of its managerial personnel. Capable managers, however, can be developed only by giving managerial jobs to suitable persons and delegating them the authority to make important decisions. Such wide exposure gives them opportunity to grow and to have self development for higher positions. The more talented and capable persons will learn and improve and qualify themselves for higher managerial positions. Only a decentralized Organisation can offer such opportunities to future managers without involving additional expenditure. A decentralized Organisation also allows its managers adequate freedom to try new ideas, methods or techniques. In brief, decentralisation creates a team of competent managers at the disposal of the company. 4. Decentralisation improves motivation : Research conducted by social scientists has proved that the Organisation structure itself exercises some influence on the motivation of the people working within it. An Organisation structure which facilitates delegation, communication and participation also provides greater motivation to its managers for higher productivity. Decentralized Organisation structure is most favorable for raising the morale and motivation of subordinates which is visible through better work performance. 5. Decentralisation makes decision-making quicker and better : Since decisions do not have to be referred up through the hierarchy, quicker and better decisions at lower levels can be taken. Divisional heads are motivated to make such decisions that will create the maximum profit because they are held responsible for the effect of their decisions on profits. Thus decentralisation facilitates quick and result-oriented decisions by concerned persons. 6. Decentralisation provides opportunity to learn by doing : Decentralisation provides a positive climate where there is freedom to make decisions, freedom to use judgment and freedom to act. It gives practical training to middle level managers and facilitates management development at the enterprise level. Limitations of Decentralization 1. Decentralisation may lead to the problem of co-ordination at the level of an enterprise as the decision-making authority is not concentrated. 2. Decentralisation may lead to inconsistencies (i.e. absence of uniformity) at the Organisation level. For example, uniform policies or procedures may not be followed for the same type of work in different divisions. 3. Decentralisation is costly as it raises administrative expenses on account of requirement of trained personnel to accept authority at lower levels. Even the services of such highly paid manpower may not be utilised fully, particularly in small organisations. 4. Introduction of decentralisation may be difficult or may not be practicable in small concerns where product lines are not broad enough for the creation of autonomous units for administrative purposes. 5. Decentralisation creates special problems particularly when the enterprise is facing number of uncertainties or emergency situations. The decision-making process gets delayed and even correct decisions as per the changing situations may not be possible. Decentralization Is Not An Unmixed Blessing The advantages of decentralisation are more significant as compared to its limitations. The limitations suggest possible problems relating to decentralisation. Efforts should be made to solve these problems. It is certainly not desirable to have centralisation (in place of decentralisation) only because of certain limitations. However, to what extent the organisation should be decentralized is a delicate issue. Here, certain factors such as size of the organisation and the abilities of lower level managers need careful consideration.

Angel and Demons Book Report Essay Example for Free

Angel and Demons Book Report Essay ANGELS AND DEMONS Angels and demons is a heart pounding adventure written by the author Dan Brown and published in 2000. Dan Brown is also famous for his bestselling novel The Davinci code (published 2003); both these novels feature the fictional college professor Robert Langdon as the main character or â€Å"hero† in the story. Both of these stories revolve around the delicate subject of religion as he incorporates religious fact into fantasy. First off, our characters include Robert Langdon who is a professor of symbology at Harvard University. He is flown to a Swedish nuclear research facility known as CERN (Which really does exist) by the director of CERN Maximilian Kohler to investigate the murder of esteemed scientist Leonardo Verta. Leonardo Verta was the head scientist of a research group working on an antimatter energy source until he was killed, and the anti-matter stolen. Robert leaves CERN with Leonardos daughter Vittoria Vetra to Rome in search of the stolen anti-matter. Robert leaves CERN with a new counterpart and one clue to solve the unraveling mystery of who stole the anti-matter and killed Leonardo Verta; the ambigram branded into the scientist chest saying Illuminati. Soon after arriving in Rome Robert and Vittoria are rushed to Vatican City by commander of the Swiss guard Commander Olivetti, as the situation grows more dire after four high ranking cardinals are kidnapped by the illuminati assassin, with one clue, one will each be slaughtered on the alters of science along the path of illumination. When the threat comes in that if they don’t stop the assassin by eight o’clock the Vatican will be destroyed, as they race against the clock to stop the destruction of the Vatican new problems will rise and betrayal is around every corner. This book is strongly recommended for readers who enjoy large scale mysteries and people who enjoy stories involving conspiracies. This is because this story involves a race against time and a struggle to stop a secret society that controls half of the government itself. This tale is a mind bending race against time and an enemy who seems to be everyone and control everything.

Computer Technology In The Movie Industry Film Studies Essay

Computer Technology In The Movie Industry Film Studies Essay Filmmaking is a process of producing a film based on a storyline. Although many people say, a movie is good if it has a successful plot, however, a movie needs also good production in order to be classified as a good movie. The history of filmmaking can be traced back to as early as the 17th century, where magic lanterns were used. Back then, films were all made in shades of black and white only. Also, many of the times, special effects are done manually by workers. For example, an explosion, many workers will be needed to install those explosives and to clear up the scene. As time progressed, technology improved the quality of films largely, thus producing colored films. However, such improvements do not halt there. Movie makers and producers worked endlessly to create films that leave people in awe. Therefore, the creations of computer-generated imagery, animation and 3D have been invented and improved. Such creations have moved the movie industry one step forward. Using the same explosion example, compared to last time, with advance computer technologies, such a scene will not require a whole lot of work from the workers. Instead, it can be easily done in the editing room, where editors can easily ad d special effects into the movie, making it look realistic, but without much hard work. The main objective of this paper is to educate people about the movie making industry. Many people may be awed when they see sophisticated scenes in movies. However, they only know that those scenes are mostly done with the help of computers. But in reality, there are so many computer technology that the people do not know about. In the discussion in this paper, research will explain the computer technologies used in the movie industry. Computer-generated imagery, animation and 3D will be explained as brief introduction to technologies in the development of movie making. Also, the making of the movie sensation, Avatar will also be revealed. As videos are getting more attention amongst people nowadays, many people now search ways to create their own videos. Therefore, to make this paper more users friendly, an introduction of animation software, Pencil and moviemaking software, Windows Movie Maker will also be done. COMPUTER-GENERATED IMAGERY (CGI) Computer-generated imagery means computer graphics being applied into movie industry to create special effects. Compared to other physical means, CGI is a cheaper alternative because it uses computer software to create images instead of constructing real and physical settings. The first ever movie that used computer-generated imagery was Westworld in year 1973. It was a science fiction that incorporate both robots and humans. Also, famous movies like Star Wars and Star Trek II were also able to produce effects like laser guns and robot motion. In the Terminator, computer-generated imagery created digital scenes in the robot. CGI, especially in two dimensions was greatly used in traditional animated films as it replaced the role of manually illustrated cells. Since then, it became a significant technology used to create special effects in the movie industry. This then promoted and encouraged the great usage of animation and three dimensions (3D). Usually, CGI for films are about 1.4 to 6 megapixels, where one frame is generally around 2 to 3 hours long which can multiple to ten times for more complex scenes. Computer-generated imagery was also used in created the film Star Wars. ANIMATION Animation is a series of images in the form of two dimensional or three dimensional art work that are display rapidly to produce an illusion of movement. The earliest animation said to be found is the Paleolithic cave paintings. In these paintings, objects are drawn in superimposed positions that clearly try to convey the idea of motion. However, in year 1906, J. Stuart Blackton, a newspaper cartoonist, released the first ever fully animated film, Humorous Phases of Funny Faces. The Paleolithic cave painting shows movement in an animation way. There are many types of animations that can be used in making a movie. The traditional animation, which is also known as cell animation or hand drawn animation, was broadly used in the 20th century. This involves many individual frames first drawn on papers that differ a little from the previous. These frames are then photocopied onto transparent sheets called cells, which can be photographed by a rostrum camera to produce motion. Classic Disney animated films like Snow White and Aladdin are produced using this technique. Traditional animation is manual and is drawn in multiple frames. As computer generated imagery (CGI) is used increasingly, animation can be done by using computers. The first entirely computer-generated animated film is Toy Story, in year 1995. Computer animation simply means creating moving objects by using programs or software designed for computers. Consequently, this has caused the invention of two dimensional (2D) animations. Figures are created and edited using two dimensional bitmap graphics or two dimensional vector graphics. However, trained professionals are required to produce animations like this as it involves techniques and skills. Toy Story, the first fully computer-generated animated film. THREE DIMENSIONAL (3D) Three dimension computer graphics are graphics which use three dimensional representation data geometrically. These graphics will then be stored to calculate and render two dimensional images. These graphics often use many algorithms to generate images. A typical two dimensional image would only show height and width. However, a three dimensional image could show height, width and even depth. This gives the idea of realistic instead of virtual. Animation can also be done in three dimension. An animator can use the digital skeletal structure to control the mesh. Besides that, mathematical functions can also be used to created three dimensional animation. 3D, or stereoscopic 3D uses the illusion of the depth perception to create realistic images. It can be produced using few methods. In an anaglyph, two images are located at a superimposed position with a light filtering two colors, red and cyan. By wearing the 3D glasses, the two images are cancelled out to produce only one image. That is the earlier 3D images used in movie making. An anaglyph image. A pair of anaglyph 3D glasses. In the polarization systems, similarly, two images are located at a superimposed position through different polarizing filters. By wearing a pair of glasses that contain polarizing filters, each filter can only pass through similar polarized light but blocks different polarized lights, causing each eyes to see different images. A polarized 3D image. Polarized 3D glasses. HOW WAS AVATAR MADE? The Avatar has successfully created a sensation amongst movie lovers with its breathtaking three dimension technology. James Cameron, the director of the movie incorporated the technology as well as real human footages into the movie. Computer-generated imagery was used extensively in the movie. He used a technique called the image-based facial performance capture, which required actors and actresses to put on special headgears called skull caps that were equipped with cameras. As the recording went on, facial expressions and movies were transmitted from the camera to the virtual characters. The movements caught on tape would be six times bigger, which created authenticity in the characters. By using such technology, the facial expressions of the characters can be made to change according to how the dialog was told. The motion capture technique that animated the expressions of the actor and actresses. To do that, a new software called the facial action coding system was created. This software can trace the visualization of facial and muscle movements of the actors and actresses, which can then be animated to created computer-generated images. The incorporation of computer-generated images into live action footages. 3D was also made easier by motion capture because it allowed film-makers to add special effects as well as direct the angle of camera in . The formats used were Real D 3D, Dolby 3D, Xpan 3D and IMAX 3D. With the help of a pair of polarized 3D glasses, the movie created another sensation to be viewers. Weta Digital was the visual effects company that worked for the movie. They used Linux-based software to created graphics that made the settings in the movie looked to realistic. The company used one of the worlds largest Linux clusters as the operating system, which produced computer-generated images using 64-bit for 3D modelling. The filming camera that gives the 3D effects. WINDOWS MOVIE MAKER Windows Movie Maker is a software that allows user to create and edit videos, thus creating homemade videos. The first ever version of Windows Movie Maker was available for Windows Me back in year 2000, which then followed by Windows XP in year 2001. Its development was then improved. Its so called replacement was then named Windows Live Movie Maker, which is included with the Windows Live Essentials. The new movie maker does not share the same features with the older version. However, the 2.6 version is compatible for both Windows Vista as well as Windows 7. Furthermore, this version is strongly recommended by many video editors as it is user friendly and easy to use but at the same time, produces high quality movies and videos. Windows Movie Maker has features like effects, titles or credits, timeline narration and auto movie. New effects can also be modified using the existing ones by using XML code, thus allowing users to create one of its kind videos. Besides that, an audio track editing is also available. Basic effects like fading in or fading out can be added. And then, the tracks can be saved in a sound file instead of a video file. In the window, there is a storyboard that previews the timeline for video and audio. Video or images can be imported into the timeline. When doing so, user can choose either to capture video directly from webcam or import from collections of existing videos. Videos and audios that are in .WMV/.ASF,  .MPG (MPEG-1),  .AVI (DV-AVI),  .WMA,  .WAV, and  .MP3 formats are accepted. However, other formats like MP4/3GP, FLV and MOV, MIDI, AIFF, AAC and SWF are not accepted. A window showing the first page of the program. A window showing the storyboard. Video clips or images can be dragged into these boxes to create a continuous movie. Editing videos and movies in Windows Movie Maker is a very rewarding process as it allows user to create and design the videos and movies in any way they want. The auto movie feature in the program contains premade editing styles which help users to create movies in a very quick period. However, if users choose to edit themselves, a total of 60 transitions, 37 effects, 34 titles and 9 credit animations are available in the 2.x version. The effects and transitions that users can choose to use in order to increase the attractiveness of the movies. There are also other features like adding titles or credits into the movie. All these features can be found easily on the menu pane on the left of the window. Audio and sound effects can also be added into the movie easily through options on the menu pane. At the end, when the movie is all done editing, it is supposed to be saved. Then, it can be viewed from the computer. Besides that, the movie can also be uploaded into pocket pc like smart phones or PDA phones. It can also be uploaded back into a camera and DV recorder if the format is supported. The movie can also be sent to a website for the view of the public. PENCIL Pencil is a software for animation and drawing, which is supported by Mac, Windows and Linux operating system. It utilizes one of the most common animation method, the traditional animation which is done by drawing or sketching with a pencil. This program is great for amateur users because it is easy to use and user friendly. A screenshot of Pencil. This free drawing program is not equipped with many advance tools, but with simple toolbox that contain pencil, brush, eraser, and coloring tool. Although it seems to be simple, sophisticated 2D animation can be produced by just using these few tools. The toolbox that contains the tools for drawing. There is a timeline feature, where users are able to add layers. By saying layer, it simply means vector layer, audio layer as well as video layer. Besides that, it also allow users to use onion skinning, which enables users to check the previous and next frames to trace the animation. The default frame per second is set at 12, but this setting can be changed up to 50 FPS. The timeline feature that enables users to create different layers altogether. Besides drawing the animation in the program, sketches can be drawn on real paper and then imported into the program. To do so, the sketches can first be saved in the computer, and then imported onto the canvas, which then can be edited directly in the program itself. The camera layer enables users to create different frames through the usage of a camera. Audio can also be added into the animation, making it more interesting. As sounds and voices are essentials to animation, it can easily added into the animation by exporting music files from the computer. To do so, a sound layer is first created. The music files can be imported. The format that is supported is only WAV format on Windows OS. However, Mac users can import any formats that is readable by Quicktime. When the music file is imported, a triangular key appears, indicating where the music starts to play. A sound layer will not play if it is deactivated, which can be easily controlled by pressing the sound button in the timeline control. The feature that allows adding of sound layer. CONCLUSION It is undeniable that computer technology plays an important role in producing a good movie. We can see that as time progresses, computer technology also improves greatly. However, this does not mean that continuous research on this subject matter should stop here. In fact, such an achievement in this field simply means that producers and movie makers in the market should continue in creating breakthroughs in the industry. This is especially true because people will not be contented with what is in the market now if there is nothing new that appeals to them. The demand for more and better is always increasing. Therefore, it is pivotal to continue achieving for more. As for home users and non-professional users, there is actually much other software that allows them to create their own home videos. The market now realizes that the public can also be very good in creating home videos. Therefore, there is an increasing amount of movie making and animation software for the use of the public. Much of this software actually varies in difficulty as well as quality of products. However, it is confirmed that it allows users to create according to their creativity and that is what makes the videos one of its own. If users are having problem, they can easily obtain help from tutorials and forums that are available from the omnipotent Internet. Based on the research done on this paper, hopefully doubts and questions of many can be clarified. It is very crucial to educate people about the subject matter as it has blended into our lives and has become a part so close to us. There are some movies I can watch over and over, never get sick of. Ill put one of those on and be puttering around the house. Then a certain scene will come on and Ill just have to go over and watch. David Fincher

Comparing Adam Smith and Karl Marx Essay -- Politics Political Essays

Comparing Adam Smith and Karl Marx Smith and Marx agree upon the importance of capitalism as unleashing productive powers. Capitalism is born out of the division of labour... that is, it is made possible by dividing jobs up into simple tasks as a way of increasing efficiency. By increasing efficiency, then everyone can produce more than they personally need. The extra produced can go towards the accumulation of capital, (machines, more land, more tools, etc) which will allow for even more increased efficiency and production. Both thought that this increased production was great. But Marx said that capitalism was only one stage... that every country must go through capitalism, to get that increased production, but that capitalism is unstable. It requires expanding markets and will end up creating a large gap between the wealthy and the poor, with more and more people becoming poor. Because of this instability, he thought that it would eventually collapse. However, here is where they split. Smith thinks that as everyone produces more, they have more to sell (exchange) and ever...

Speech Outline How to Prepare for Finals :: essays research papers

Outline: Purpose my demonstration speech: I want to demonstrate how to prepare for final exams Central Demonstration speech Topic Idea: It is important to be stress free during final exams and this demo is the best way to do that. Introduction: What you are going to teach: 1) I am going tell few parameters that determine your final exam result. 2) Few things that keeps things simple 3) Productive ways 4) Smart work Why this demo: The reason I choose this topic is I personally have experienced few times.9p=-/I felt good during some exams and some not. I used to see my brother going through this and few of my friends. So I came up with some thoughts which will make that process easy Why listeners should know: How many of believe that you are a student all your life. And you often come up with exams of different kinds all your life. These principles can be applied to any kind of contest/exam/game/job to name some every walk of life Once after this demo you pretty much can apply these instructions immediately and you will see the best results. Demo Speech Outline: 1) Smart Work: a) Reviews: Go through the mistakes you have done in the previous exams (mids) b) Get help. Ask a teacher or try comparing notes with a classmate. That way, if you didn't get the information from the lecture, you can get it from each other during participation. 2) Parameters: a) Stress free : How relaxed are you b) Preparation: How good are you prepared, Being proactive How many of believe that preparation is the separation. Health. How is your health condition (right food, ill free) 3) Productive ways: a) It's important not to cram. Cramming isn't a productive way to study because it's hard to learn so much information in a short time. Study ahead of time, because you can put only so much more in your brain. b) Have a note-taking system that works for you. Take notes as if you had to rely on them to pass the course. c) Start making a pre-test. Collect questions, problems, essay topics, etc. from past exams and homework assignments. Take the test a week or two before the final exam to see where you need to focus your studies. Decide where the test questions come from -- the textbook, the lecture or both. I believe in Preparation -----> demo/exam ------> review/changes------> exam What I mean by this is I prepare for the exams and put myself in an exam environment and do it. Then I come up with the personal review of my performance.

Atlanta Reconstruction :: essays research papers

Atlanta Reconstructed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Having been a gateway to and from southern economics and enterprise before and during the war, Atlanta seemingly sealed its fate by becoming a strategic target for a union offensive. In an effort to cripple the supply line to Confederate forces, General Sherman opted to finish destroying the already war wrenched city. When Union forces finally left Atlanta, it appeared little more then a desolate wasteland. Undoubtedly Sherman had achieved the Unions goal, as well as sending a clear message to the Confederates.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the end of the Civil War, Atlanta served as a project and model for all the southern populous. Whites and Blacks alike quickly filled the city and rebuilding began at an astonishing rate. Southern whites, seemingly relieved at the end of the war, wasted no time in creating an environment to suite their needs. Four railways were the centerpiece to Atlanta’s new vibrant economy. Soon, Atlanta surpassed its pre-war status in both area and size.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Reconstruction Act of 1867 offered a military presence in Atlanta that insured blacks safety. Like the rest of the southern Freedmen, blacks flooded the city to escape plantations and seek a better life. The white population took a different approach then other southern areas, seeming to ignore the ever-growing black population. Jobs were sparse for the Freedmen and although compiling nearly half of Atlanta’s population, blacks found themselves living well below the white standard of living. Owing to the military presents, whites simply concentrated their energies on making themselves and their city more comfortable and wealthy then ever before. In 1868, Atlanta became the new Capitol, further fueling the goal of making it the heart and soul of Georgia.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the passing of the Fifteenth Amendment, Blacks earned the right to vote. This, although powerful in appearance, had little effect on the segregation that Atlanta’s white population had adopted. Black voters boosted the presence of the Republican Party, but not enough to over through that of the Democrats. As Atlanta’s growth subsided and the military presence was lifted, blacks left the inner city, taking refuge on the outskirts of town. Atlanta had seemingly succeeded in its goals. It welcomed northerners with open arms, but dealt with the blacks by simply shunting them to one side. Over time, blacks and whites simply lived life apart from one another.

The Characteristics of a Perfectly Competitive Market Structure

Characteristics of a perfectly competitive market structure The four main characteristics of a perfectly competitive market are as follows: A large number of small firms, identical products sold by all firms, no barriers on entry or exit and perfect knowledge of prices and technology. These characteristics mean that a perfectly competitive firm is unable to exert control over the market, as a large number of perfect substitutes exist for the output produced by any given firm.The demand curve for a perfectly competitive firm’s output is perfectly elastic. This means that a consumer will not buy a good or service if the price rises, due to not being a necessity. An example could be an airplane ticket since vacation travel is not an essential service. Freedom of entry into and exit out of the industry means that capital and other resources are perfectly mobile and that it is not possible to erect barriers to entry.Perfect knowledge means that all firms operate on the same footing , that buyers know about all possible perfect substitutes for a given good and that firms actually do produce identical products. A perfectly competitive market or industry contains a large number of small firms, each of which is relatively small compared to the overall size of the market. Ensuring that no single firm can exert control over price or quantity. If one firm decides to double its output or halt production, the market remains unaffected.Each firm in a perfectly competitive market sells an identical product. Essentially, this means that the buyers cannot discern any difference between the products, as there are no brand names or distinguishing features that differentiate products by firm. Thus every perfectly competitive firm produces a good which is a perfect substitute for the output of every other firm in the market. As such, no firm can charge a different price than that received by other firms. Changing price would result in buyers switching to other goods that are p erfect substitutes.Furthermore, perfectly competitive firms are able to freely enter or exit an industry, as they aren’t restricted by government rules and regulations, start-up costs or other barriers to entry. Perfectly competitive firms don’t incur high start-up cost or need government permits to enter an industry. Likewise it is not prevented from leaving an industry, as is the case for government regulated public utilities. Perfectly competitive firms are also free to acquire without delay and restrictions whatever resources they need e. . Land and labour. Subsequently, as a result of perfect knowledge, consumers are completely aware of a firm’s prices, such that one firm cannot sell its goods higher prices than those of other firms. Each firm also has information about prices charged by other firms, in order to avoid charging less or more of the market price. Perfect knowledge also extends to technology, so all firms have access to all production technique s, no firm can producer its output faster, better or cheaper than another firm.

Starion Entrepreneurship Case Analysis

M3786 NEW VENTURE PLANNING audition CASE ANALYSIS REPORT STARION ENTREPRENEURSHIP consume CASE ANALYSIS REPORT Starion Instruments, headquartered in Sunnyvale, CA is a private community with load IP assets g trolling on the exclusive attest of groundbreaking medical checkup examination research in the field of optical maser create from raw stuff welding. Starion hopes to revolutionize the electro surgical field with the existence of harvest-homes like its cautery forceps economic consumptiond for sore and varnishing (cauterizing) meander. The boilersuit yearly trade place for these types of medical thingumajigs is in excess of $1 zillion.Furthermore, Starions promising IP and continue research goals forget enable it to extend to a fundamental foothold in the worldwide medical technology exertion with sales straining $150 billion annu aloney. The foundation of Starions IP lies in the hands of Dr. Michael Treats research. In the 1980s Dr. Treat and Dr. Larry Bass, a charge card surgeon resident at heavy(p) of South Carolina Presbyterian, started experimenting with lasers in mathematical process. With a humble extraction the two surgeons worked from Columbia Presbyterians seventeenth floor lab on their innovative research.Together, these two pioneers invented the field of laser tissue welding using thermal free energy to rejoin tissue severed in surgery. However, this technology remained uncommercialized for several long time later on its initial disc oin truth. Shelly Monfort, a Stanford-trained engineer, began her entrepreneurial cargoner in 1986. With a emphasise in R&D on medical devices as well(p) as start-up let, commercializing those devices, Ms. Monfort and two engineers, Ken Mollenaur and George Hermann, were involved in the creation, funding, and exit of at least 6 surgical device companies from 1990-1996.Ken Mollenaur maintains experience aim and expression medical prototypes. George Hermann possesses capacious experience navigating the medical device approval sue working with the study governory bodies in the industries. By June 1988, Ms. Monfort had signed a license with Columbia Starion Instruments could now begin building a staff and a ware to bring to market. With their exclusive licensing deal in place, Dr. Treat left Columbia for Starions California headquarters and began developing the growth.In October 1999 Starion instruments, delineate by Dr. Treat, made its de unless at the American College of Surgeons Conference, the single near meaning(a) industry event for people who would get and use the fruit. At the time, the comp eithers goal was to raise $750,000 in capital. Ms. Monfort assembled $2 jillion from private investors along with a pair of venture capital firms. At the time Starions valuation was $7 jillion. This was a crucial pull down for the comp each. supremacy or failure is a good deal footingd on an initial market foray.The counselor chosen by focussing in this situation had an irrevo stemma effect on the comp whatevers overall performance. A capital infusion of and $750,000 sternly express the fellowships merchandise and phylogeny capabilities and was a gross underreckoning of the companys capital necessarily a clear representation of Ms. Monforts inexperience. Furthermore, the companys additional capital requirements were graduate(prenominal)lighted by the investors volitionness to infuse a $2,000,000 round when only solicited for $750,000. To Ms. Monforts credit it was her cooperateer and mentor, Dr.Thomas Fogarty, a legend in the surgical world, who insisted on the additional capital. The company mean to go to market with a bringet boat consisting of single use liquid forceps and a disposable battery pack. The forceps would carry a price tag of $410 and the battery pack would list for $39. The effort was directed toward an unmannerly surgery application. Open surgeries accounted for around 80% of outgrowths performed at the time. Starion planned to eventually dilate to laparoscopic devices once it gained additional market share.An meaning(a) aspect of Starions strategy was to market its crossroad as non only a superior tool as far as results, only if in like manner to highlight the simplicity and monetary value forte of its offering. Surgeons, the principal buyer in this post, are cognize to be fairly innovative, go forthing to try unseasoned things. However, it is only with repeat use that they gain skill with a minded(p) device. Therefore, it is critical that they see not only a represent advantage, but a probative increase in product performance in value for considerable adoption to take place.Starions choice to focus on the core buyer requirements magnifies their intimate knowledge of the space and contributed greatly to the companys overall success. The decision was made to concentrate on an open surgery strategy. Early adoption, peculiarly for a petty fish in a big pond, is critical to any start up. This direction, spearheaded by management, was a dextrous decision for several reasons. The customer base in this field consists of an end drug user with a complex hierarchy and buyer process. However, it is ultimately the end users decision which makes or breaks a product in this ield. Therefore, the decision to launch the product for use in open surgeries as opposed to laparoscopic procedures vastly increased the attracter to the early adopter base. The open surgery tool strategy enabled doctors to rely on backwards compatibility (the ability to simply take place back on the tried and avowedly decamp and suture method), another severalise point with experimental tools and methods. Prior to Starions laser tissue welding break done, the most common electrosurgical tool was the monopolar device, also known as the Bovie device.With this technology, the patient is wired to a grounding pad that earmarks a way for the electrical current to flow. The surgeon uses an electrode to passing a high-frequency electrical current through a patient to cut and ignite tissue in a selected area. The Bovie requires a generator that hails between $7,500 and $10,500 a social class. In addition, each mental process requires disposable (one time use) grounding pads and electrodes, whose combined approach is 5 to 6 dollars per procedure. The disadvantages include (relatively rare) situations in which the device causes burns to the patient at the side of the grounding pad.Additionally, the Bovies high energy output can intervene with the ever growing mass of electronic equipment in modern operating rooms. An choice to the Bovie device is the UltraCision, also known as the harmonic scalpel. This device uses ultrasound to vex the heat needed to cut and seal tissues. Ethicon Endo-Surgery Inc. a Jonson & Johnson subsidiary owns UltraCision. Starion estimates that the ultrasound found product has annual sales of almost $100 million. Like the Bovie device, the UltraCision system requires a reusable power supply, which woos approximately $15,000.The system also uses an electrical cable that costs $630 and must be replaced after approximately 100 surgeries. In addition, single-use tips that cost approximately $325 are also required. attached the relatively high score of cost associated with selling medical technologies, Starion pursued a strategy in which it would division a large market and avoid going away head to head with its competitors. Due to its wasted size and relative weaknesses, Starion was forced to parse the market even further deciding to promote its technology specialisedally for use in a single procedure which would greatly reduce the overall cost of their product launch.The variable costs, excluding sales commissions, for two the battery and forceps were projected to oppose about 40% of the sales price. Fixed costs, excluding R&D, were expected to total $1. 1 million in the first year o f operation and $1. 65 million in the atomic number 42 year. R&D for the first year was projected at $1. 25 million and $1. 45 million for the second year. abandoned the industry standard, this team had the necessary components for a successful start-up. The initial engineering and development of a product like Dr.Treats is best done in a small workshop by fervid and dedicated serial entrepreneurs. However, the teams inability to surrender the reigns of the company inexorably inhibited the firms prospective growth. Conversely, the small, dedicated team was able to controvert dynamically to the market positioning their product with care in a segment which allowed a gain in market share. This short-term success whitethorn well translate to continued development however, the degree of future shareholder value is limited by an order of magnitude equal to the founders shortsightedness.In the medical device field, there are some significant barriers to entry the combination of patent s, expensive/extensive clinical trials and research in association with strict federal government reverting can overwhelm smaller companies, and help protect established players against competition. The FDA is the primary regulator of medical devices, and its mandate is to insure that the devices that reach the market are safe and effective. The medical device industry is populated by a small number of major device manufacturers and diversified medical companies in addition to the large number of small companies.Dominant players in the industry include Johnson & Johnson, Baxter International, Becton Dickinson, Medtronic, Guidant, capital of Massachusetts Scientific, and U. S. Surgical (a unit of Tyco). The combined market capitalization of the industry leaders mentioned is approximately $300 billion with the smallest just over $9 billion (Source Bloomberg). Medical products and serve companies invest around 8% of annual taxations in R&D, this compares to 3 to 4% invested by U. S . manufacturers (Standard & Poors). However, the true path to diversity in this industry is through conjugations and acquisitions.Due to overpower development and production costs twin with a large upfront marketing outlay, coalition and acquisitions are the industry norm, not the exception. Even well capitalized companies willing often choose the route above, rather than spirit the huge barriers that exist in this market. The intravenous feeding Ps intersection point, Promotion, security and Price. Product Revolutionary technology. Promotion Combination of in-house and franchised channels. Protection Strong IP backed not only by the company but by Columbia. Price 91. 45% nest eggSpeaks for itself.Further data was not supplied however the interest is an example of some of the continued monetary abridgment we would conduct. Financial analysis emolument ratios Gross realise leeway = (Sales gross COGS) / Sales receipts light up Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales Revenue Return on total Assets = Net income available to common investment firm holders / join Assets Return on stock holders fair play = net income available to common stock holders / stockholders equity Liquidity Ratios menstruation Ratios = menstruation Assets / Current liabilities Quick Ratio = (Current assets Inventory) / Current liabilities Inventory Turnover = COGS / InventoryLeverage Ratios Debt-to-Assets Ratio = descend Debt / entirety Assets Debt-To-Equity Ratio = Total Debt / Total Equity Cash Flow psychoanalysis Determine appropriate debt levels, payout periods and additional analysis to confirm liquidity. Net Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales Revenue starting line twelvemonth -4,639,464/4,000,000= -1. 16 Second Year -689,333/8,000,000 = -. 086 Gross Profit Margin = (Sales revenue COGS) / Sales Revenue (4,000,000 1600000) / 4,000,000 = 0. 6 price strategy Pricing is currently very assertive and sales strategy prudent.Initial management was executed properly , however it is likely that changes will need to be made in the near term to achieve significant market share. Partners strategic alignments are mainstays in this industry and should be aggressively pursued. Strategic investment merger acquisition. Intellectual keeping IP is an essential aspect of any medical device company given the simplicity of the concept the device may come up against some defense issues. Early indications seem to support the force of the companys IP, however it is certainly a concern which warrants further investigation.Note both(prenominal) Starion and Columbia would be behind any major IP issue. Given the severalize of the industry and the unique positioning of the companys IP prospects a partnership/acquisition would be our main point of recommendation in the near term. During this convert it may be prudent to think the current organizational structure, with a specific focal point on cured management (when moving to a tonic phase often times major (postnominal) management, who were suited for the initial stage or better succeeded by a new team).RECOMMENDATIONS Our recommendation consists of three key elements that will drive profitability, continued growth, and increase market share adding shareholder value. Breakeven and ultimately profitability can be achieved (1) by instituting aggressive pricing to both vendors and sales force, (2) the merger of Starion Instruments with a bigger firm and/or (3) the acquisition of another firm that will allow them to manufacture, distribute, market and sell the product at a cheaper and more cost-effective manner.Current State Currently, Starion is the one of the world leaders on surgical device development. It has expand worldwide distribution of its proprietary tissue welding technology to physicians in northmost America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Last year the social club of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons named Starion Instruments the 2007 Innovator of the Year for the d evelopment of its next-generation create from raw material Ligating Shears which use its innovative cut and cauterizing technology.Since the launch of their original Cautery Forceps, Starion has created an entire line of Forceps and Ligating Shears which can all be viewed on their website http//www. starioninstruments. com/products. html. They are nevertheless a privately held company which is amazing given their tremendous success. This is not affect given the fact that the first time they were offered to be bought out they declined. This has kept the leaders at the mercy of the owners and founders and will provide a unique company such(prenominal) as Starion the ability to continue providing innovative, cost efficient, and quality

Eating Healthy With a Busy Lifestyle Essay

A lot of people feel trap by their nimble lifestyles when theyre trying to exhaust profound. After altogether, who has metre to cook when they need to commute two hours each way, pick the kids up from school, and do the laundry? Eating full-blooded with a in use(p) lifestyle does non waste to be complicated. here(predicate) be a fewer steps that sess help you expel well even when youre constantly crunched for time.1) Simplify Your DietOne of the easiest ways to eat healthier when youre strapped for time is to modify your nutriment. You might want to sire that fancy garnish reciple youve just learned, but do you re solelyy have the time for it? Stick to the basics of what you wish, buy them in bulk, and mix those up over the week in a few basic meals. Youll be strike at how very much you actually like childlike foods. For instance, one of my favorite meals for dejeuner is a childlike microwaved adust potato with virtually sunny stead up eggs. It might sound weird, but it unimpeachably gets the job done and is healthy and quick to fringe If youre not into cooking at all and eat come on for every meal (tsk tsk) the avocation tip will probably help you much more.2) Eating Out Like a professional personNot everyone has time to declare a baked potato and eggs. Some people dont even enjoy cooking at all In order to eat healthy junior-grade-arm take step to the fore, you really only need to imply yourself the following question Is what Im have something that someone from the 1940s would eat? Think ab bug step up(predicate) it in terms of how processed the food is and how extensive the portion sizing is. There werent alike many obese people back then, so they must have been doing something right Portion size should be about what you after part fit in both of your hands (unless you have freakishly small/large hands). Also, when you eat out DRINK water system In the San Francisco Bay Area eating out like a pro has been drastical ly simplified as everything has calorie listings. I tend to go for whatever has the highest food volume to calorie ratio.3) stick out Food With YouIt isnt terribly hard to gestate some good healthy morsels with you. Carry some nuts (unless youre allergic, because then you would die) and eat a few every time you feel like youre getting hungry in betwixt meals. A hand full of nuts can go a LONG way in keeping you satiated. Fruits are also delicious, healthy, and portable snack foods. I always automobilery two or three bananas with me along with some almonds in fortune I get the munchies. For you extreme folks out there you can resort to carrying put up goods in your car (along with a can opener if you savings bank open cans with your mind bullets). A lot of canned goods last forever and are actually beauteous good for you (especially the low sodium variety).Photo denotation healthy enteraining platter 1 image by Brett Mulcahy from Fotolia.comA busy lifestyle whitethorn leav e you unretentive time to cook and eat healthy meals. consort to Jeannette Bessinger and Tracee Yablon-Brenner, fountains of Simple Food for Busy Families The Whole breeding Nutrition Approach, it is possible to eat a diet filled with nutritious foods even when you are busy with a career and family. A few unsheathed changes will allow you to create cooking and eating routines that focus on a variety of healthy ingredients.Prepare meals ahead of time. Take a few hours on a weekend afternoon to discharge soup, chili or pasta dishes, for example. Portion them out into freezer safe containers and freeze them. Focus on cooking with healthy ingredients, such as sweet-flavored vegetables, sodium-free canned beans and whole wheat pasta. Pull out one meal each evening for a quick and healthy way to feed your family.Sponsored cerebrateLose Weight in 1 school term?Lose upto 10cms in a single school term Or get your Money BackBizzyBody2u.com metre 2Keep healthy snacks bagged and read y to go. bang up fresh fruits and vegetables and store them in unmarried serving sizes. Portion out small amounts of nuts, seeds, dried fruits or air-popped popcorn. Grab a couple healthy snacks as you leave each morning to have a nutritious food choice on hand no matter how busy you get. amount 3Pack your lunch everyday. Put several(prenominal) healthy foods into a lunchbox to help you avoid the steady food line when hunger strikes, recommends Sharon Jean Wiginton, author of Abounding Health Naturally. Make sandwiches with plenty of vegetables on whole wheat bread or wraps make with whole wheat tortillas. Pack one or two pieces of fruit or one or two servings of vegetables to round out the meal.Step 4Make a smoothie to take with you when you are on the go. Place your favorite fruits along with low-fat plain yogurt and ice cubes into a ruffleer and blend until smooth. Pour into a portable cup to toast as you go about your day, suggests Wiginton.Step 5Look up restaurant menus a head of time to help you choose the healthiest meals when you eat out. Search for comestible information from the place you plan to eat and make your meal decision before you arrive. Stick to your choices by ordering without looking at the menu again.Sponsored thinkWeight Loss TreatmentVery Effective, Safe & Affordable. At Klinik Mediviron Wisma UOA, KLwww.MedivironUOA.com pattern Chartered CardEnjoy up to RM300 CashBack when you apply for a quote Card online.StandardChartered.com.my/CreditCardpuerility Obesity FactsSee Facts on Childhood Obesity. Symptoms, Treatments & More Here.symptomfind.com/ChildhoodObesityCheap Supplements OnlineLow price for Whey Protein, BCAA, rid weight & Kinesio Strappingwww.MyFitness.myTips and WarningsPack lunches the night before. Get your lunch and your childrens lunches ready ahead of time so everyone has a healthy meal ready to eat. pile up a few snacks in your purse, bag or car so there is always a healthy option when you are hungry. Do not eat while you are driving because it may increase the risk of an accident. Keep foods in the car but wait until you reach your destination to eat them.

Starbucks Target Market

?Starbucks intent grocery set up Starbucks objective mart is nine-to-five serveers inurban centers and meet suburbs, just now in usual whatever(prenominal) age, and any psyche too. Their costumers identifying a carry valuate proposal, because is exceed communicated plain when approximately person had do the finale to dribble into a sell store, bewilder a time, and thence share with co-workers the following side really day the make out had in that office. Howard Schultz verbalise in his slew of Starbucks that you catch more(prenominal) than the finest deep brown when you anticipate you welcome huge people, top walk music, a cheery and well cosmos skirmish office staff, and tidy advice on create from raw material clarified drinking chocolate at base of operations. In post itself as a ludicrous entity in a earth with nix similar, a Starbucks store was promoted to be a focalize where you fuck vex clog up and be yourself. The fellowshi p mint include that at home youre go of a family at work youre damp of a party and somewhere in amid there is a Starbucks So the Starbucks produce, while inherent in its coffee berry, is unfeignedly the boilersuit implement. The legal injury of an veridical brewed instill of coffee was tenacious with the understand of being a notch supra or a worthwhile convey high than nearly competitors.And the place where Starbucks offered its product was mainly its retail outlets. To experience Starbucks fully, whiz moldiness go to an unfeigned Starbucks office. In this respect, the location of a Starbucks sex act to customer whatsis was important, and Starbucks actual a real dry land timeserving position to al haulage thisthat is it did not needfully turn back for the high-flown expression or lot to croak available, Starbucks was elastic in term of retail blank shell layout and image to go over the location devisal of its draw a bead on securities indus try