Theodicy and the Free Will Defense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Theodicy and the Free Will Defense - Essay Example This paper esteems to handle the ideas rotating around theodicy and choice; this likewise plans to know whether the unrestrained choice barrier meet all the three rules for a powerful theodicy. Through and through freedom Human unrestrained choice and uninhibitedly picked great activities are of high worth, despite the fact that choice opens up the chance of abhorrence (Pinnock 5). Besides, as guided by the meaning of opportunity, unrestrained choice or free act is a demonstration that isn't resolved coolly in any capacity by one’s hereditary cosmetics, by one’s condition or even by God (Pinnock 5). Similarly, every free individual is perhaps corrupt and allowed to pick underhanded; consequently, given the autonomy of human opportunity from divine control, it is clearly outlandish for God to ensure that people will in every case unreservedly decide to do what is ethically honorable (Pinnock 5). In straightforward terms, Pinnock suggested that choice is considered as a k ey legitimization to malicious (4). People esteem that they have through and through freedom on the off chance that they see themselves as specialists equipped for affecting the world in an assortment of ways (Kane 5). Additionally, people feel that it is up to them what they will pick and how they will act and this implies they could have picked and acted something else (Kane 5). Besides, Kane proposes that the premise of the activities of people practicing unrestrained choice lie in themselves and not outside them which is something that could be outside their ability to control (5). The Biopic Teleological Argument Edwards asked about how an incredible otherworldly Creator can be a Benevolent Super-astuteness when shrewdness is apparent on the planet (299). Edwards at that point underlined that no single, enchantment slug perfectly tackles the issue of theodicy for if there is an accessible arrangement, it generally results from aggregate load of numerous contemplations; subseque ntly, the achievement or disappointment of theodicy involves untrustworthy and variable judgment (299). Monstrous abhorrence on the planet is to be sure the best obstruction of all to have confidence and accept that a decent God made the universe for kind purposes (Edwards 299). Without theodicy, people would deny God of dedication rather scorn may wait in their psyche and hearts (Edwards 299). The Free Will Defense in the midst of the Criteria of Theodicy The Free Will Defense by Alvin Plantinga signifies that a great part of the shrewdness most remarkably the ethical wickedness that exist on the planet is an outcome of God’s blessing people with huge good opportunity (Nash 199). In lieu of the primary measures of powerful theodicy, the reason dealt with just human-caused enduring agreeably as in it justifies why one encounters such. Such result depends on the way that a free and capable decision begins with the smart good specialist who makes it (Edwards 299). Hence, being liable for a decision and its outcomes, for example, enduring methods picking that choice or decision purposely (Edwards 299). As what Edwards (299) featured that ethical specialists are mindful just for the choices they made that began from them, other than that, they may not be considered responsible (Edwards 299). The second standards of a compelling theodicy was handled by the Free Will Defense, so that this methodology focused on that God permits moral malevolence so as to achieve everyone's benefit of permitting his creation to envelop essentially free good specialists, without whom there could be no ethical acceptable (Nash 199). Despite the fact that torment and enduring might be understanding due to the

Psychology questions Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Brain science questions - Term Paper Example For Christian treatment and treatment by and large, I think it’s important to, it might be said, ignore these discoveries and receive a professional dynamic perspective that accentuates the individual’s organization in confronting and fighting their clairvoyant difficulties and dysfunctions. 2. I accept that Freud’s hypotheses are an estimation of human instinct and the utilization of his terms like sense of self resistance instruments and the oblivious are not deductively precise. I figure any treatment would profit by the parts of Freudian psychotherapy that look to locate the profound inclinations of issues over a delayed analytical period, yet that it is incorrect to accept that a helpful methodology that doesn’t include explicit Freudian methodologies and Freudian wording is ineffectual. 3. In looking into Freud’s phase of psychosexual advancement I am attracted to the methods by which people have set stages and battles they should experience so as to formatively advance. While Freud is transcendently worried about the youth phases of advancement, he closes his psychosexual phases of improvement with the genital stage which incorporates enormous bits of immaturity and youthful adulthood (Mitchell 1996). At the point when I consider such stages in my own life I am attracted to the period after graduation from secondary school when I confronted a kind of close to home emergency with respect to my place on the planet and development. I moved toward this life stage sincerely and consistency in both school and my public activity; I would apply these standards to my remedial methodology as I accept they can be applied to a wide assortment of formative difficulties. 4. Thinking about death from a profound point of view, I accept that it is vital for one to consider their own mortality and locate a specific significance or reason in their life. I don’t think it’s fundamentally basic that an individual grasp a faith in an existence in the wake of death, yet that they comprehend that their time on Earth is restricted and

Literal Analysis Of Vietnam War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Strict Analysis Of Vietnam War - Essay Example The things these troopers conveyed were just the essential things they required for their security and endurance in the war zone. These incorporate can openers, folding knife, the testament demonstrating that they had experienced overwhelming military preparing; mosquito nets that shielded them from sicknesses, for example, jungle fever, which was normal in the territory, and cigarettes. Other basic things they conveyed were moderate size jars of water, biting gums, a medical aid box, and sewing units. Shockingly, these things were around fifteen to twenty pounds, which relied upon the soldiers’ typical digestion rate. All these stuff should be conveyed to each place the officers went. It was a person’s own misstep on the off chance that he overlooked the stuff behind, for he will confront the difficulties ahead alone. The things the warriors conveyed were many, however everything clinched was important and had a reason. This shows difficulties the fighters confronted c ouldn't be diminished or halted since every issue was ‘necessary’ and they needed to confront it in any case. They had no way out of picking which issue to confront, like the things in the packs, which were all basic and missing one thing could make a profound issue a trooper. The allegory for the things conveyed in the stuff is unmistakably observed. The troopers acknowledged the demands realizing that it was only for them to confront them. Subsequently, they needed to set up their psyche and feelings for the future difficulties that were yet to come, with the goal that they won't be surprised.... This shows difficulties the officers confronted couldn't be decreased or halted, since every issue was ‘necessary’ and they needed to confront it in any case. They had no way out of picking which issue to confront, like the things in the sacks, which were all fundamental and missing one thing could make a profound issue a trooper. The similitude for the things conveyed in the stuff is plainly observed. The fighters acknowledged the demands realizing that it was must for them to confront them. Subsequently, they needed to set up their psyche and feelings for the future difficulties that were yet to come, with the goal that they won't be astounded. Investigation on the Act of Carrying the Bag When this pack was loaded with things they required, they conveyed it to wherever they went, and during the wartime, they were put at a safe spot until the war had finished. The demonstration of conveying the stuff, which was routinely substantial, shows the force of the difficulties and challenges they needed to shoulder. The heaviness of the things in the stuff was the fundamental test of those packs, but then they needed to convey them to all spots. The weights they experienced were extraordinarily substantial for an individual to manage and they required some directing and rest. Tragically, there was no one to give them comforting bit of word, and give time to unwind. More often than not, they were on their feet conveying the overwhelming stuff and battling materials as they unfavorable towards the battlegrounds. The demonstration of conveying this overwhelming things represents the heaviness of the difficulties they confronted which eventually was excruciating to convey. A portion of the fighters chose to flee due to the sum and force of the war. In this way, examining the heaviness of the things shows how

Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems

Question: Talk about the Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. Answer: Presentation: Nepean clinic is a greatest emergency clinic in blue mountain area with 520 bed and covers different strengths, for example, clinical, careful, mental , pediatric and palliative consideration. I will be working Ambulatory technique community (APC) ward. Most of the patient in this ward is conceded with normal crisis careful condition, for example, an infected appendix, cholecystitis, diverticulitis and inside hindrance and a large portion of them are self mindful. It is quick paced ward and we need to manage IV anti-infection agents and torment drug. The focal point of my prescription sla venture is appropriate documentation of known sensitivity and patient;s antagonistic medication response in the drug graph. I will propose my undertaking by planning banner introduction and demonstrating it to other wellbeing laborers in the ward. Clinical proof proposes that unfriendly medication response is one of the main factor to build death rate and increment patients length of remain in emerg ency clinic. Besides, there has been proof where patients hypersensitivity documentation is missed, and their wellbeing break down by giving the medication which they are adversely affected by. Thusly, the result of SLA is to forestall such unfavorably susceptible and antagonistic medication response by appropriate documentation in prescription diagram. The reason and points of the Med-SLA Some ongoing cases had been accounted for in the ward, which had raised countless worries among the higher specialists with respect to the security of the patients in the hands of the new alumni attendants. As of late a patient had been given decongestants because of hypersensitive responses that were not had the option to be constrained by antihistamines. In any case, while surveying her fundamental signs in the later piece of the day, her circulatory strain was seen as higher. The medical attendant thusly imagined that it was important to make her circulatory strain go under control. Consequently, without deduction much, she gave the patient an antihypertensive medication, which treats hypertension. Anyway she didn't know about the outcomes that there brings about an escalated tranquilize sedate collaboration when decongestants and antihypertensive are accepted together as it brings about further increment in the pulse levels causing potentation. Her guide, who quickly dealt with t his condition, forestalled any further risk to the patient. Another comparable occurrence occurred on account of patient who was conceded because of a contamination in her digestive organs. She was recommends antibiotic medication by the specialist so as to battle the hurtful microorganisms in her digestion tracts. The attendant at that point gave her morning meal containing milk, egg and natural products. The medical attendant was anyway had no clue about the communication that calcium typically has with that of antibiotic medication. She didn't have a clue about that calcium decreases the impacts of antibiotic medication obliterating the potential impacts of antibiotic medication. All these had concerned the higher specialists and the patients and their relatives about the wellbeing medications that the attendants give which thusly are having negative impacts in the patients. A medication tranquilize connection is a circumstance when a substance just as some other medication can influence the presentation of another medication when regulated together to a patient. The activity that outcomes can be of three unique sorts. It very well may be either synergistic when the impact of the later medication is expanded. It can likewise bring about opposing impacts which brings about the impact of the later medication being decreased. Thirdly, it might likewise bring about the commencement of another sort of impact, which is totally unique in relation to the activity of every one of the medications that collaborated (Vallerand, Sanoski and Deglin, 2016). These sorts of collaborations regularly end up being hurtful for the patient bringing about compromising the life of the patient who had desired assistance. Another significant circumstance that has gone to the notification of the authority is the absence of giving appropriate medication to the patients. The attendants are not counseling their clinical history before recommending any medications. This thus is bringing about the event of various hypersensitivities in certain patients, which upgrades the antagonistic circumstances for the patient creation them endure more (Lewis et al. 2015). Patients frequently require different meds in instances of their mind boggling sicknesses or scatters that they are experiencing. Be that as it may, after basically breaking down the indication bunch of the patient, it is an obligation of the attendant to write down the clinical history of the patient so as to know whether they are experiencing any past sicknesses or not and the prescriptions they take all the time (Wang et al. 2016). Documentation of such prescription is significant with the goal that the attendant build up a primer information about the drugs she ought to keep away from. In addition, the attendant herself ought to have an itemized thought regarding the foundations and the elements of various prescription that bring about medication tranquilize connection as well as result in sensitivities in the patients. These sorts of events causes diminished remedial impacts of the great meds, expanded unfriendly response and patient mischief. It additionally brings about a gene ral negative effect on the notoriety of an association serving for mankind (Lehne and Rosenthal, 2014). The Australian nursing and birthing assistance board has expressed the significance of keep up wellbeing conventions while giving prescriptions to the patients. It ordinarily anticipates that each attendant should be dependable enough to the consider the various elements of the meds with the goal that they can assess whether any collaboration would occur or not. In addition, they ought to likewise think about the half-existence of the fixings in cases in the event that they need to regulate two inverse medications with the goal that they don't will in general respond in the patient. Additionally, they likewise will in general consider the bioavailability and pinnacle level of every one of the prescriptions that they are regulating (Muraro et al. 2014). The standard 4 or prescription wellbeing that had been proposed by the states in point number 5 under point 4.9 in the executives activities of medications and usage systems guarantees that they give current just as precise meds data alongside choice supporting instruments to the attendants. These are done to enable the attendants to settle on clinical choice viably which stays identified with restorative use. The board of burrowed collaboration databases is likewise proposed by them to be a significant standards that ought to be kept up by the attendants. As recommended techniques, they have expressed the use of choice help devices that go with electronic medication the board frameworks like superseding of dynamic alarms for tranquilize cooperations, contraindications, tolerant sensitivity cautions in endorsing and also a s in administering frameworks. In this manner, the principle point of the venture of the MED SLA is to create information on the various medical attendants about the idea of attendant communication. Its point is make the medical attendants mindful of the various advances that they may need to diminish odds of medication cooperation in their training and make their organization safe and of high caliber. The procedure used to finish the Med SLA: The banner had been set up in basic language with appropriate headings that would help the medical caretakers in seeing every one of the focuses in detail. They can tail it an as direction so as to forestall any prescription mistake. It shows that destructive impacts that their carelessness may have on their vocation and on the patient life. It says about the means that they can attempt to diminish hurtful practices and keep away from carelessness. It likewise portrays the administrations where they can go to look for help when they are befuddled or when they need to explain any questions. This banner is relied upon to help the attendants in diminishing prescription mistake and building up their abilities in drug organization. The potential results of the Med SLA: Various sorts of activities have been taken to make the human services staffs mindful of the hurtful outcomes that may prompt the hazardous circumstances for patients. The patients typical course of treatment would get influenced and his recuperation procedure might be postponed. This may likewise hamper the quality life that an assistance client anticipates. Plus, giving improper prescription not just outcomes in sedate medication cooperations and causes hypersensitivities yet additionally hurt the profession and notoriety of the attendant including her in legitimate commitments. Consequently, the banner would contain the various impacts it might have on the life of the patient and on the professions of patients. Moreover, it would likewise assist them with taking safety measures, which would keep them from committing such errors and help them in basically breaking down the medications and their fixings as indicated by the clinical history of the patients. This banner will likewise assist the attendant with enhancing their nursing rehearses if there should be an occurrence of medicine organization by talking with the significant sites, senior coaches and in any event, experiencing diverse proof based articles (Rampton et al. 2014). Assessment of the task result: The assessment of the result of the venture is important to comprehend whether the task had been fruitful in its point of making attendants mindful of the outcomes of unseemly medicine organization. So as to assess it, the authority may lead a clinical review to survey the current situation (Black and Dawood, 2014). Decrease in the quantity of instances of medication sedate connection and hypersensitivities will naturally execute that the task positively affected the act of the attendants (Fernando et al. 2014). In addition, welcoming intelligent bits of work from the medical caretakers is accepted to be useful in understanding the effect so the task in the present nursing rehearses. Impressions of the medical caretakers won't just cause them to understand their own positive and negative angles yet will likewise assist the overseeing body with knowing about the observations that the attendants are harboring in them (Wheatley et al. 2015). Changes to my training: Whil

Dialectical Behavior Therapy for OCD

Dialectical Behavior Therapy for OCD OCD Treatment Print Dialectical Behavior Therapy for OCD Another Alternative When Exposure Therapy Doesnt Work By LuAnn Pierce, LCSW, is a licensed clinical social worker who has worked in the field of mental health and human services for over 25 years. Learn about our editorial policy LuAnn Pierce, LCSW Updated on November 18, 2019 Martin Barraud/Getty Images More in OCD Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Living With OCD Related Conditions Your therapist may have recommended that you pursue dialectical behavior therapy for your obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). What type of therapy is this and how does it compare with other therapies for OCD? Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for OCD Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on how thoughts and feelings can lead to behaviors. It has been found to be very helpful in both the short term and long term for people living with OCD. A type of cognitive behavior therapy called exposure-response prevention therapy (ERP) has been considered the gold standard for treating OCD. Yet for those who find that exposure-response prevention therapy does not work for them, dialectical behavior therapy may be an option. Dialectical Behavior Therapy Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a form of cognitive behavior therapy that focuses on mindfulness, acceptance, validation, and building trust. It was originally intended for people with borderline personality disorder but has since been looked at for people with a wide range of mental health concerns. One of the biggest differences between DBT and other forms of therapy is the concept of acceptance. No matter your thoughts, they are not good or bad. DBTs History Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) was developed by Marsha Linehan in the late 1970s at the University of Washington. Linehan worked with patients who had chronic suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts and self-harming behaviors that are often the result of deep wounds from childhood abuse and/or neglect. Many people who have these traits are diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), while others may be suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). At the time that DBT was developed, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) had been identified as the treatment of choice for pretty much every mental illness. Linehan, however, realized that the patients she worked with were unable to benefit from CBT due to the direct nature of the work and the constant focus on change. These patients felt CBT was judgmental, confrontational and invalidating. Linehan wisely adapted traditional CBT to make the approach more validating. Since that time, DBT has been proven effective for a wide array of other mental health problems, particularly mood and anxiety disorders. Skill Sets DBT has four primary skill sets (discussed further below) that people can learn to apply to their lives. These include: Distress toleranceEmotional regulationInterpersonal effectivenessMindfulness DBT is generally taught in groups that accompany individual therapy sessions. People who are learning to used DBT skills document how well and how often they apply the skills between group sessions and discuss this in-depth with the individual therapist. DBT for OCD and Anxiety: Acceptance and Non-Judgment DBT skills are used to cope with the pain and fears associated with everyday life. DBT draws heavily on the Buddhist concepts of acceptance, non-judgment, and mindfulness. These have been found to be very useful skills for managing OCD. Unlike CBT, where the focus is on making and measuring changes in behavior, DBT is focused on acceptance and non-judgment. The therapeutic relationship is critical as people learn to be honest about their behavior and emotions without shame or feeling like they have failed. It is the validation of their efforts to show up and talk about their progress (or lack thereof) that is important for many people. Once trust with the therapist is established, people tend to take more risks in therapy. This step is often necessary before they are ready to make changes. Studies have found that DBT can improve quality of life and self-control as well as reduce hopelessness in people with personality disorders such as OCD. How to Apply DBT Skills to OCD If youre wondering how you may be able to used DBT skills with your OCD, here are examples of how these skills are used: Distress Tolerance: These skills are used to either distract or self-soothe when faced with disturbing thoughts or emotions. Emotional Regulation: By  learning skills to manage the anxiety related to obsessions and/or fear, you will begin to realize that your anxiety will lessen with time without having to give in to the usual compulsion or reassurance. Interpersonal Effectiveness: This set of skills helps you manage your feelings related to interactions with others, which might include needing to seek reassurance. Mindfulness: The skill of mindfulness helps you to be more present at the moment. Being mindful includes not hanging on and attaching to distressing thoughts, practicing being non-judgmental (realizing that your thoughts are neither right nor wrong,) and redirecting your thoughts to the present moment when intrusive, repetitive thoughts occur. An Alternative to ERP DBT does not directly address obsessions and compulsions as does exposure-response prevention therapy (ERP). DBT skills are used to cope with the anxiety associated with fearful thoughts or obsessions that result in compulsive behaviors. Additional Treatment May Be Needed There are a number of treatments that may be considered for OCD. Most people need medication in addition to therapy to manage OCD. An evaluation by a psychiatrist is recommended to determine if medication might be helpful in your treatment plan. Bottom Line Dialectical behavior therapy is a type of cognitive behavior therapy that may be effective for some people with OCD. In particular, those who have found exposure-response prevention therapy, the gold standard for OCD, ineffective. It can be frustrating to live with OCD, but therapy and sometimes medications may greatly improve your symptoms and decrease your distress related to the disorder. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Aristotelian Spectacle Shown Through Beds in the Plays of Tennessee Williams - Literature Essay Samples

An extremely specific author, Tennessee Williams is known for his elaborate and in-depth descriptions of sets, costumes, sound, and general staging, often appearing to have the last detail written out in his seemingly endless supply of stage directions. This descriptive style would, at first, make one assume that Williams’s plays do not conform to what Aristotle believed was the proper use of spectacle. According to the latter, spectacle includes all sets, costumes, and things to do with the staging of the show, and is by far the least important element of a proper tragedy, never to drive the plot or provide crucial details that could not be gleaned elsewhere. However, despite the contradiction that might appear to arise as a result of Williams’s copious stage directions, he not only acts within the bounds of Aristotle’s definition of spectacle; he appears to epitomize it. One of the most salient examples of this dynamic is Williams’s use of beds in severa l of his most famous plays, specifically in The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire. In examining this interaction, it is important to note both what the beds do and do not do in their respective roles in the plays. In this way, Williams’s use of beds in The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire is a near perfect example of the way Aristotle believes spectacle should be used in theatre. Of the six major elements that comprise proper Aristotelian tragedy, spectacle is by far considered to be the least important. In Poetics, Aristotle states that spectacle—which B. R. Rees defines as â€Å"the visual aspect of the drama†Ã¢â‚¬â€is â€Å"connected least with the art of poetry,† and that the spectacle should never be the driving force behind the plot (Rees 10, Poetics 13). Aristotle also makes it clear that while â€Å"fear and pity may be aroused by spectacular means,† the play ought to be able to be only spoken and still arouse such feelings (24). This clearly highlights the fact that in Aristotle’s view of the ideal tragedy, the spectacle should be used as a subsidiary device by the plot. This means that crucial plot points should not be hidden in the spectacle where they must be seen to be understood, as evident by his statement that the play must function equally well if there is no visual aspect at all. Instead, the spectacle sho uld enhance what is already present and powerful, and provide both support and embellishment to the plot. It is in this way that beds in Tennessee Williams’s two plays The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire function as perfect examples of spectacle. As pieces of the scenery, the beds certainly count as aspects of the spectacle. They are included in the floor plans of each play, and serve as visual aids for the audience and offer the actors a wide range of choices for how to interact with them. Specifically, the two beds that are of most note in each play are, in The Glass Menagerie, the daybed in the center of the living room on which Tom sleeps. In A Streetcar Named Desire, it is located in the bedroom and labeled as â€Å"iron bed† in the floor plan, and is also where Stanley rapes Blanche at the end of the show (Streetcar 104). In both cases, the beds each have two key traits that make them the ideal form of spectacle in Aristotelian terms. The first of these is the fact that they are relatively understated. Neither of them are shoved to the very center of the stage according the floor plans, and in the case of Streetcar, the bed is located as far upstage as it can go (104). In The Glass Menagerie, the day bed is locat ed further downstage, but it is also set far closer to stage left and, given that it could not be located in the dining room, is located far enough upstage so as not to be the obvious point of focus (Menagerie 68). In addition, the daybed’s location allows for the actors onstage to interact with it at their leisure, meaning that when attention is fixed on it, that is only a byproduct of the focus given to the characters and plot. This understated nature of these two beds in their floor plans is reflected in productions of the plays. In an image from article on Walter Schoen’s production of The Glass Menagerie, performed in 2009 at the Saratov Academic Theatre in Saratov, Russia and discussed in a piece by the University of Richmond, the stage is clearly set so that the daybed, as well as the other set pieces, are not so flashy or vital seeming that they draw attention away from the plot or the character, which Aristotle states are the two most important elements of tragedy (U of Richmond, Poetics 11). Correspondingly, in a revival production of A Streetcar Named Desire by the Walnut Street Theatre, located in Philadelphia and also performed in 2009, director Malcolm Black also stays true to Williams’s stage design and, by extension, to the beliefs of Aristotle. In pictures of the production taken by Mark Garvin and published by the Walnut Street Theatre on their website, Black’s staging has the â€Å"iron bed† located in the same far upstage region as Williams’s floor plan indi cates, and, like Schoen’s Glass Menagerie, the bed is not used in such a way that attention is drawn from the plot or characters (Walnut Street Theatre). In both of these case, the beds in and of themselves do not provide any information that is absolutely essential to the plot that could not be gleaned elsewhere, meaning that the Aristotelian requirement that the spectacle could be removed entirely and the story preserved is fulfilled. An example of this improper use of spectacle with the beds would be if they were located so that they blocked the actors, or were decorated in such an extravagant fashion that the audience would choose to focus on them to the exclusion of the plot. In both of the productions cited above, the beds are set in the same unassuming and practical locations the Williams wrote they should be, and were both very standard looking and not at all attention stealing (coincidentally, they were nearly the exact same light golden-yellow color). In this way, t he beds in both Glass Menagerie and Streetcar each possess the first of the two key traits that Aristotle believed were essential for the spectacle: they do not draw attention away from the plot or characters, and did not contain any essential information in their composition that would be lost if the show were down without visuals. They fulfill the second requirement by the fact that while the beds are not absolutely essential to the play, they do provide some amount of either support or embellishment for the plot, as shown by the different ideas they symbolize in their respective stories. While Aristotle clearly believes that the spectacle of a play should not be essential to the show, he does not state that it ought to be useless or superfluous; rather, he focuses on the fact that the other elements are much more important, and that the spectacle should never take priority. The spectacle does have, he states, â€Å"an emotional attraction of its own,† albeit a less artistic or important one (Poetics 13). Thus, in order for the spectacle to be of most use to the show, its attraction must be directly tied to that of the plot, and instead of being an integral piece of the plot, it should instead increase the level of tragedy in a non-essential manner, so that the show may still be performed without visual aid, but when that aid is present, something is gained. This is precisely what the beds in Glass Menagerie and Streetcar accomplish. In each play, the represent some idea or theme present throughout the show, but only do so by way of the plot and not through any special characteristic of their own. In the case of The Glass Menagerie, the very name of the â€Å"daybed† is suggestive. Because it is not even a proper sleeping area, the fact that Tom uses it and does not have his own room represents both his lack of proper privacy and accommodations, as well as the sacrifices that he is making for the family (Menagerie 22). By having Tom’s bed not even be a real one, as well as its being located in the living room, Williams emphasizes an idea that occurs numerous times in the text in such a way that without the bed, the feeling is still communicate, but its presence does add embellishment and additional detail. This dynamic is also visible by the fact that when Tom finally confronts Amanda about all the sacrifices he makes, the stage directions have him sitting on the daybed for most of the rant (23). Th is is another example of a place where the spectacle is not required for the advancement of the plot, but its inclusion does further the latter. In Streetcar, the bed represents something must more ominous, but equally important to the plot. Given that it is the location where Stanley rapes Blanche, its presence onstage serves as further vindication of his climactic statement that he and Blanche have been heading for this â€Å"from the beginning† (Streetcar 94). However, the bed’s continual presence throughout the show is not necessary for this line to be understandable; there is ample evidence in the dialogue throughout the play that tension was building between Blanche and Stanley, and also that Stanley might be the type of man who would do this. Thus, the bed does not usurp the role of the plot and provoke â€Å"fear and pity by spectacular means† (Poetics 24). Instead, it continues to support and vindicate elements that exist already. The fact that the fina l stage direction of this scene states that Stanley â€Å"starts towards the bed† also proves this dynamic between spectacle and plot, since the audience can already clearly see what is going to happen through the dialogue and characters, but the additional visual cue by the spectacle aids in this advancement (Streetcar 94). In this way, in both plays, the spectacle does not have any power or meaning in and of itself, but rather is given symbolic value by the nature of the plot. Thus, in both the case of The Glass Menagerie and A Streetcar Named Desire, Tennessee Williams use of beds is a perfect example of how Aristotle believes spectacle ought to be employed: they neither pull attention away from the plots nor provide crucial information by themselves, meaning that were the shows done without a spectacle at all, the absences of the beds would not destroy the plays’ abilities to provoke fear or pity. However, they are not useless, and do serve the plot by adding additional meaning or understanding to ideas that already exist, while still not being fundamentally essential to the show. Thus, Tennessee Williams manages to accomplish a difficult feat in the eyes of Aristotle, and does it with such effectiveness that one almost feels back for the old Athenian, given that he unfortunately could not use Williams’s works as one of his many examples in Poetics. Works Cited Aristotle. Poetics. Edited by S. H. Butcher, Mineola, Dover Publications, 1997. A Classic American Masterpiece to Celebrate!: A Streetcar Named Desire. Walnut Street Theatre, edited by Ralph Weeks, www.walnutstreettheatre.org/season/show/a-streetcar-named-desire. Accessed 15 Nov. 2016. The Glass Menagerie Professors Tennessee Williams Production Wins Big in Russia. Review of The Glass Menagerie, Saratov Academic Theatre, Saratov. University of Richmond Newsroom, edited by Cynthia Price, U of Richmond, 30 Oct. 2009, news.richmond.edu/features/article/-/162/the-glass-menagerie-professors-tennessee-williams-production-wins-big-in-russia.html. Accessed 15 Nov. 2016. Rees, B. R. Pathos in the Poetics of Aristotle. Cambridge University Press, vol. 19, no. 1, Apr. 1972, pp. 1-11. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/642517. Accessed 15 Nov. 2016. Williams, Tennessee. The Glass Menagerie. Acting ed., New York, Dramatists Play Services, 1945 . . A Streetcar Named Desire. Acting ed., New York, Dramatists Play Services, 1947.

The Sunni Shia And Arab Israeli Conflict - 1028 Words

Leslie Orozco Professor Petrovic International Conflict 17 May 2016 The Sunni-Shia and Arab-Israeli Conflict Throughout the course, various religious and ethnic violent conflicts have been discussed. Two of the most important and most present in current times is the Sunni-Shia and the Arab-Israeli conflicts. Although both conflicts are still very relevant today, the structural and triggering conditions that contributed to the conflict began many years ago and since then have escalated to the point where it is now. Although a resolution for both of these conflicts is a far reach at this point in time, the best strategy ideally would be to encourage the nations involved with conflict to deal with the problem at the political level instead of a religious one and create a system that protects all the different expressions of religion in the region. The Sunni-Shia conflict is a conflict that has been around since there was a question in who the rightful heir to the religion of Islam would be. It became an issue on whose form of Islam was the correct one a nd who should lead the religion. This shift in the leadership of the religion became a question of who would dominate the religion. Just like it states in the theories, this is one of the preconditions for violent conflict. This conflict is a player in many other Middle eastern conflicts including the Iran-Saudi conflict, the Iraq civil war, and the Syrian conflict. The modern conflict erupted after the Iranian/IslamicShow MoreRelatedIslam and Great Sectarian Divide1098 Words   |  5 Pagesfaiths by Shias and Sunnis is truly staggering.  This is specially so when one considers the tiny differences that define and divide them. Since the earliest days of Islam in the 7th century when the schism first tore the young Muslim community apart, the two sects have been warring incessantly. Untold thousands have been killed over the years, and this internecine war continues to devastate communities and nations. I am not qualified to go into the rights and wrongs of this old conflict. HoweverRead MoreA Conflict Of Your Choice Since The End Of The Cold War Essay2198 Words   |  9 PagesAnalyse a conflict of your choice since the end of the Cold War, identifying the main parties (direct and indirect actors) and issues, explaining the conflict and relating it to its social or international context and how these factors have evolved over the life-cycle of the conflict. This should be done with a conceptual underpinning of the type of conflict being examined and within the organisational framework of conflict mapping. The conflict I will analyse is the Iraq War, met the standard definitionRead MoreStrategic Relations Between Saudi Arabia And Iraq3133 Words   |  13 Pagesshort-lived United Arab Republic in 1958 and the shifting relationships between Saudi Arabia and Iraq . In fact, in Walt’s list of eighteen Middle Eastern regional alliances formed between 1955 and 1979, none lasted for longer than five years (Walt, 1987, p.150). In light of this heritage, it is therefore particularly remarkable that the most persistent regional arrangement to-date has been between Syria, a secular, Arab and predominantly Sunni state and Iran, a Persian, Shia theocracy. And theRead MoreThe Middle East Is A Country Of Terrorism, Violence, And War1102 Words   |  5 PagesProphet. Shia Muslims believe that the rightly predecessor was Ali, who was Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law. On the other hand, Sunni Muslims believe that the leadership rightly belonged to Abu Bakr (Lecture.08.31). While today most Muslims identify as Sunni Muslims, including the Kurds, another highly active group in the area, there continues to be tight tensions between the two groups. In countries such as Iran, Iraq, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Jordan, and Egypt the split between Shias and SunnisRead MoreThe Iranian Threat Of Hormuz ( Soh )1857 Words   |  8 Pagesthree elements: conflicts, tensions, and challenges. These elements are linked to complex the regional security and to increase the challenges to the regional stability. The USCENTCOM first element is conflicts. The conflicts of concern are Iraq, Syria and Yemen. These crisis has led to the rise of the bloodiest terrorist organization in the history of mankind, ISIL, and increased the influence of the non-state actors like Hezbollah in the region due to its engagement in the conflict. Also, the directRead MoreThe Formation of Arab Nations1956 Words   |  8 Pages The Formation of Arab Nations Much of the modern political Arab world was born at the end of World War I, as outside powers divided up their shares of territories that were loyal to their regimes. For example, Iraq, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon came to exist along side the precarious state of Palestine. By World War II, these states had begun to want independence, and the following decades would witness revolution, regime change, violence, and, ultimately, a break from the grips of the OttomanRead MoreThe Declaration Of An Arab Identity Of A United Lebanon2216 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The Taif agreement tried to abolish sectarianism and declare an Arab identity of a united Lebanon; however, in practice it perpetuated sectarianism through confessionalism and restructuring the National Pact political system in Lebanon. It also failed to provide a concrete Arab identity or unified Lebanon in practice, instead sectarian identities prevailed. The situation before the agreement The Ta’if accords modify the â€Å"rules of the game† of prewar Lebanon but they do not changeRead MoreThe s Presence Of Latin America762 Words   |  4 Pagesconverts, Arab immigrants and decedents from which Hezbollah pick and choose. Hezbollah sends the majority of its newly recruited fighters to the Middle East, but this could be changing. The terrorist organization is subtlety flexing its muscle in the Americas. Bombings have taken place against a Jewish organization and an Israeli embassy and Hezbollah is looking to do more. As Iran gains political ties in South America, Hezbollah is given more freedom to operate. Jewish and Sunni personnelRead MoreThe Role Of Iran1052 Words   |  5 PagesIran is one of the main actors in the Middle East region which is also at the same time very highly volatile through the chaos of the Arab Spring, precarious countries like Afghanistan, Syria, and Iraq, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and the upsurge of the Islamic State. Also to the displeasure of the US and other Western allies, the Iranian regime backs the radical groups of Hezbollah and Hamas. Iran’s resolve to change status quo in the Middle East in undermining ways makes them a considerationRead MoreThe Relations Between Syria And Lebanon2146 Words   |  9 Pagessince the end of the Second World War. United States foreign policy, the rise of Islamic fundamentalism, and the geopolitical struggle between Iran and Saudi Arabia throughout the Middle East has made the region politically unstable and ripe with conflict and human suffering. This dire situation is a great example of how interconnected the relationships of Middle Eastern countries are and how these relations often disseminate out and affect the region as a whole. As such, an analysis of the bilateral

Essay on The Root Causes and Solutions to Poverty - 676 Words

The same common question comes to us all at one point,†Why are people poor?† Whether you are liberal, conservative, or have had previous experiences that pull us to believe more strongly in certain things, all of our ideas on poverty fall on the same path. Unfortunately, as reality points out, is that inside the walls of the White House, where it is commonly believed that actual progress is happening, ideas on poverty revolve around stock exchange, whose ideas only benefit those who get elected. Subsequently, these elected officials lead a group or campaign in a worthless round of unethical ideas that instead of helping poverty, increases U.S. debt. It is also commonly misinterpreted that the articles on poverty from the many†¦show more content†¦Splitting the money into fifths of 24%, 22%, 20%, 18%, and 16% will still result in inequality, but would decrease the chances of someone becoming poor. (4) This leads me into the idea of socialism. Many socialists believe that competition for money will allow the rich to stay rich and the poor and middle class to fight for the and deficit increases, U.S. income will slowly diminish, and the competition will increase. Equalizing the amount of income will not only help the poor gain more money, but still keep the rich where they are. The socialists also believe that the help of the rich donating money to the poor would also help poverty. We can accomplish this by gaining the likes of the rich.(In which case we would convince them that higher taxes on them would give them a feeling of power, shared pain, gratitude, incentives, and time.) (3) Another root problem is giving everyone basic education. It isn’t hard to give every kid in America a right to education. Now a days, if someone were to apply for a job, the applicant with the best education would probably get the job. Thus, with basic understanding of some simple concepts, someone can easily perform a simple job like a babysitter. The simpler causes, what the conservatives and liberals believe, such as racism and poor motivation, are also some causes of poverty. â€Å"Blacks are more likely than whites to live in poor, segregated areas†(1). â€Å"Unexpected problems can lead to homelessness:Show MoreRelatedTheological Reflection on the Root Causes of Poverty Essay641 Words   |  3 Pagessuch as poverty that causes numinous members of the society to look for solutions to these issues. A common way that the people of today’s society use as a solution to solve the problem of poverty is to give money to those individuals who are subjected to this way of life. The problem with this solution is that many of these people do not see the logical flaw that is bottled up in this answer to the problem. They do not see that they are not attacking the root causes of what caused poverty. The rootRead MorePoverty Is A Global Issue1448 Words   |  6 PagesPoverty is a global issue known by many people, it affects people in many ways, and can be considered a constant battle. The war on poverty has been ongoing for many years not only in the United States, but also amongst various countries. A significant country dealing with poverty is South Africa, which has struggled to provide jobs, education, and social security, to its people for numerous years. Moreover, the same applies to countries like the United States. Our first impression is that the UnitedRead MoreAnalyzing Violence and Crime in USA1357 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction The evolution of humanity has been marred with much violence and turmoil. In America, the roots of the country were established in a very bloody manner and seemingly resonates in todays world as violence permeates the national landscape. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the causes of violence in America and look specifically at the youth of this country and the effects that are produced because of their behavior. Essentially, this essay will try to communicate how theRead MoreThe Problem Of Chronic Homelessness911 Words   |  4 Pagesthroughout the world, but what is the root cause? Many people wonder how they can help. Most tend to believe that the solution is as simple as just giving them money to use for daily living. Even though their root cause for their issue isn’t money. It is the fact that they either don’t know how to use their money properly/ responsibly. The main causes of chronic homelessness include poverty, disability, mental illness, along with substance abuse or addiction. Poverty is a hard but doable cycle to breakRead MoreThe Problem Of Homelessness And Homelessness952 Words   |  4 Pageswhat is the root cause? Numerous people wonder how they can help. Most tend to believe that the solution is as simple as just giving them money to use for daily living. Even though their root cause for their issue isn’t money. It is the fact that they don’t grasp how to use their money properly/ responsibly. The homeless can’t be helped with just cash, they need the proper support systems along with education to become successful. The primary causes of chronic homelessness include poverty, disabilityRead MoreFactors of World Hunger Essay1175 Words   |  5 Pagesdoes this problem continue to plague mankind across so much of the globe? The root of the problem is not the lack of food available to feed the world’s population. The core of the issue is rooted in complex political and economic policies. This issue is exacerbated by centuries-old cultural rivalries that are not easily addressed or erased. Some are even based in deep religious convictions and differences which can cause almost incomprehensible intolerance among otherwise similar peoples. TheRead More Cause and Effect Essay - The Causes of America’s Social Problems1016 Words   |  5 PagesCause and Effect Essay - The Causes of America’s Social Problems The causes of social problems exist on many levels. When we ask why social problems such as poverty, unemployment, crime, and war exist, each time we determine a cause, we can ask why again, as children often do until they are hushed. Poverty exists because some folks cant find jobs or the jobs pay poorly. But then why is the wage level so low? Because of the tax and land-tenure systems. Why do we have those systems? BecauseRead MoreSelling in the Barrio: The Culture of Poverty Essay1165 Words   |  5 PagesMultiple studies have been completed to show that people from all racial groups and ethnicities are negatively affected by poverty. Those in the lowest social class, while a mix of ethnicities, are predominantly minorities and affected the most. What stood out about Philippe Bourgeois’ is that he not only studies the people and their culture but he lived it with them. Mr. Bourgois spent two years with his wife and child living with the Puerto Rican’s in East Harlem , NY. He lived with them and becameRead MorePoverty And Its Effects On Society1566 Words   |  7 Pages Poverty is about not having enough money to meet basic needs including food, clothing and shelter. However poverty is more than not just having money. In addition to a lack of money, poverty is about not being able to participate in recreational activities; Not being able to send children on a day trip with classmates or to a birthday party, and not being able to pay for medications in times of illness. The poorest people will also have less access to health, education and other vital services.Read MorePoverty in America: Government Welfare Programs are the Solution1501 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"What is poverty? Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of shelter. Poverty is being sick and not being able to see a doctor. Poverty is not having access to school and not knowing how to read. Poverty is not having a job, is fear for the future, living one day at a time. Poverty is losi ng a child to illness brought about by unclean water. Poverty is powerlessness, lack of representation and freedom† (The World Bank, 2009). People are deemed poor if their incomes are insufficient to obtain the

The War Against Good Argumentative Essay Topics 2016

The War Against Good Argumentative Essay Topics 2016 If you've ever taken an on-line class, you understand how different it can be from a conventional face-to-face course. To compose a strong argumentative essay, students should start by familiarizing themselves with a number of the common, and frequently conflicting, positions on the research topic so they can write an educated paper. Unfortunately, not every student can find with an excellent topic for an argumentative essay by themselves. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. Persuasive essays share a good deal of resemblance with argumentative essays. At times you might require some expert help with argumentative essay topics. Argumentative essay topics cover a wide number of subjects, and can be quite persuasive if a high quality essay represents them. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do. Your reader ought to be convinced your argument is valid. When you are requested to select a great topic for your argument, start with something you're familiarized with. Even if you think in a specific argument very strongly, if you lack the evidence to show your point, then your argument might just be as great as lost. Finding the most suitable arguments can help you prove your point and win. There's, naturally, a limit on the range of pages even our very best writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but generally, we figure out how to satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. To start, you're going to m ake an intro paragraph. The very first step is to learn the topic you want to write about. First and hardest thing to do is to decide you've really had enough and you are prepared to risk all of it. Here's What I Know About Good Argumentative Essay Topics 2016 Following are a few basic ideas to lead you in selecting the great persuasive essay topic for you. Anyway, below, you will find topic that are ideal for both situations. Quite frequently, the very best topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. What makes a topic easy is a tough question to reply. Having selected an excellent topic to argue about, at this point you need to make an argumentative essay outline. Deciding on your topic isn't that easy. You also ought to don't forget that it is not enough just to get a very good topic to be able to compose an outstanding essay. Therefore, the topic ought to be debatable! The very first thing you ought to learn about a persuasive essay is the simple fact which you are in a position to pick your own sort of structure. Your readers will need to find the entire picture, and that's what you should concentrate on. It is crucial to begin with demonstrating the principal idea of the entire piece so you and your readers are going to be on the very same page. After you are aware that you want to seek out unique persuasive essay topics to be able to compose the ideal text possible, it's the opportunity to consider how to study the structure of such texts. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good idea to start out with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. One of the greatest methods to select your topic is to find one which you get a strong opinion about. As an issue of fact, the content of your essay is dependent on what you're likely to write about. You're a true topic enthusiast! The 30-Second Trick for Good Argumentative Essay Topics 2016 The cost of an essay rides on the quantity of effort the writer has to exert. It is advised to look for the one which has a fantastic reputation and offers high-quality papers at very affordable prices. It isn't possible to produce an actual friend online. Shopping online isn't secure or secure. The Good Argumentative Essay Topics 2016 Cover Up Schools should not have anything to do with ads. You may find there's a compelling argument for learning another language after all! In terms of the subject area, it's best fits Social Sciences subject location. Students need to be careful about posting on social networking. Citations and extra cts from several sources have to be formatted properly. If as you are preparing a report you merely analyze specific literature, the essay demands a superb penetration into the issue. All argumentative essays must have a conclusion paragraph. Persuasive or argumentative essays are supposed to convince the audience of a person's viewpoint about a specific topic. The Upside to Good Argumentative Essay Topics 2016 Essay writing is just one of the critical moments in the educational procedure, regardless of what stage of your studies you currently are on. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory for the initial five years after obtaining a license. They should be mandatory over a certain age.

Social Inequality The Land Of The Free, And The American...

When one hears America several things come to mind such as the land of opportunity, the land of the free, and the American Dream. However, these ideas are sadly denatured by social hierarchies and inequality. Social inequality comes in many forms. It is a social construct that many people do not see affecting their daily lives, let alone the American society as a whole. According to The Sociology Project 2.0, a social construct is An invented social phenomenon (for example a belief, discourse, or category) that is shaped by the social forces present in the time and place of its creation The statement: America is a land of opportunity where any individual with talent and hard work can achieve upward intergenerational mobility, is false. In today s day and age, race, gender, sexual orientation, class, and other social constructs, heavily influence an individual s success and mobility in society. Moreover, inequality oppresses certain individuals and benefits others. For example, a child from an upper-class neighborhood will be stimulated with better schools, extracurricular activities, and safer streets. In contrast, a child from an impoverished neighborhood will suffer from gang violence, poor education, and subpar extracurricular activities. Inequality can be defined as the unequal distribution of valued goods and opportunities in society Class divisions show great variance between wealth, education, income, and opportunities. Capitalism plays a big role onShow MoreRelatedAmerican Dream Definition Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe words â€Å"American Dreamâ₠¬  elicit many different thoughts in people. Rarely will you find a group who will agree on the true definition of the American Dream. It is subjective and therefore hard to solidify in a unified definition. Most people believe the concept of the American Dream was originally, coined during the Great Depression when James Truslow Adams stated the American Dream â€Å"is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity forRead MoreInequality Of The American Dream1368 Words   |  6 PagesInequality Do you think the American dream is still a concept today? If so, is it still possible to achieve this American dream? The American dream can be described as the success of life, and the goals achieved. Sometimes, these dreams can not be achieved due to obstacles. In this case, obstacles such as inequality. Many may view America has the land of opportunity and the greatest nation ever due to our vast diversity and freedom, but is this thought to be true in America itself? There has beenRead MoreAll Men Are Created Equal1014 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica. A feature through the different selections in American Dreams is equality because America is a place where everyone has the same opportunity to achieve anything. Equality and opportunity given to people has evolved since the founding fathers, but there’s been stages in America’s history where equality is only given to specific people, not everyone. Equality and opportunity are elements in involved in the song, â€Å"This Land is Your Land,† by Woody Guthrie. Everyone who is born in America hasRead MorePersuasive Essay : The Definition Of The American Dream980 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica the great! America the beautiful! The land of the free and of equal opportunity. The home of the American dream. This expression to most people has a peculiar meaning. Most people would define the American Dream as the upbringing of success, the ability to control destiny, and to enjoy freedom due to the American social, economic, and political system. According to the Oxford English Dictionary Online, the American Dream means the ideal that every US citizen should have an equal opportunityRead MoreThe Non Existent American Dream1374 Words   |  6 PagesThe Non-Existent American Dream Why is America never America? â€Å"America never was America to me† is a line repeatedly written in the poem ‘Let America be America Again’ by an African American poet Langston Hughes. This poem was published in 1936, when being African American was one’s greatest sin. African Americans were treated as things that elite whites can own rather than free- willed humans. In this poem, the pain and suffering of colored Americans, who were considered less thanRead MoreThe American Dream : Dead, Alive Or On Hold?872 Words   |  4 Pages The Dream Itself Many years ago today, the United States of America was the prime example of prosperity and opportunity. It established America with the idea that its citizens would be guaranteed life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Today, it is true that people have liberties and are free to pursue happiness. However, in recent years, in the worst recession since the Great Depression. Unemployment, growing economy inequality, and medical care have skyrocketed. Despite the odds, the AmericanRead MoreAfrican American Dream1039 Words   |  5 PagesThe American dream is an elusive idea for many Americans; it allows access but does not provide equal opportunity to achieve it for every American citizen and varies wildly throughout different social classes in America. Inequality plagues society throughout these social classes, providing or denying certain opportunities throughout them. Social classes all throughout America are denied or provided with different opportunities than one another, making certain social classes, such as immigrants Read MoreAnalysis Of The Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson909 Words   |  4 Pagess success? In an American society, there is an idea of dream. Dream is the thing which everyone of us need to have. It is our vision. Dream is that what you want to do in future to achieve success in your life. The dream is mainly dependent on settings of one lives and one’s social status. For example, The Declaration of Independence was by Thomas Jefferson. His American Dream, was to make people free from Britishers and to be treated equally. Martin Luther King, gave a dream speech call freedomRead MoreThe American Dream1320 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2017 American Dream Essay For the past few decades, the American Dream has been the acquisition of material objects, a perfect family, house in the suburbs with a white picket fence, and a secure job that brought financial security. This pursuit began after World War II, when the United States became the â€Å"land of opportunity† and for many people this â€Å"dream† became reality. However, as the United States economy grew tremendously, the American Dream transformed into greed and inequality. AccordingRead MoreThe American Dream In Jeannette Wallss The Glass Castle1519 Words   |  7 Pagescall it the American Dream, because you have to be asleep to believe it.† Financial security, freedom to live how one chooses, retiring at 65 and living comfortably in old age, owning a home, knowing that working hard pays off: these are all fundamental beliefs tied to the American Dream. As newer generations are increasingly finding the dream to be unrealistic, people are beginning to abandon the concept; however it is still a very present ideology. While many believe the American Dream is a lively

Reasech Free Essays

In the beginning of my research, I learned some basic information about college and preparation. Since I’m a senior, I felt that academic preparation was already too late since colleges mainly look at my gpa from grades from 10-11. The grades I have now will still affect my gpa and most importantly scholarship eligibility, so I’m aiming to do my best. We will write a custom essay sample on Reasech or any similar topic only for you Order Now So far, IVe met the fall checklist by checking with my counselor to see if I make graduation requirements. What I haven’t done is register for and take the standardized tests required for college admission. I was recently informed at Vista’s college night that in order to go straight into a four year you have to have already taken the SAT for college leveled class placement and submit your scores to the college you are applying at. Also, there are business I and my parents need to visit colleges campuses during the spring and in the winter apply to FAFSA (free application for federal student aid) or any other financial aid applications the school I apply at may require. I also learned about the different types of Aid there are. There is Federal and Nonfederal. Federal Aid is money given to you that you dont have to payback, that is if you qualify. But if there is still more help needed, there is the federal student loan. But Just Just like any loan, money borrowed is money paid back. These loans are often more advised rather than other types of loans such as private student loans because of the often lower fixed interest rates. Another feature Federal Aid includes are Grants and Scholarships. These are sometimes known as â€Å"gift aids†, as said on the website, because its free money given without owing. Financial Aid is for definitely a main focus for me. How to cite Reasech, Papers

Kanye West - 808s and Heartbreak free essay sample

With lyrics focusing on love and heartache, Kanye West’s latest album â€Å"808s and Heartbreak† shocked many. When he traded his flashy hip-hop attire for a gray plaid suit, it was clear this new album would be nothing like his first three. To start, paralleling his new look is West’s change in production. Using only Roland TR-808 drums and synthe ­sizers, West creates an experimental musical landscape that would never be expected with such limited tools. His album primarily features him singing with Auto-Tune (popularly used by T.-Pain), which had many hip-hop fans mocking his new approach. Right from the start, one might be shocked to hear the slow, spacey track â€Å"Say You Will,† which may make the  ­listener think of experimental music like Radiohead. His second single, â€Å"Heartless,† is the only one reminiscent of his hip-hop beats, even though he still sings with Auto-Tune. Songs like â€Å"Paranoid† bring the listener back 25 years, with an electro beat you would never expect from the man who produced tracks on Jay-Z’s â€Å"The Blueprint. We will write a custom essay sample on Kanye West 808s and Heartbreak or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Even though â€Å"Heartbreak† is far from West’s earlier work, there are still songs for new hip-hop heads out there, with pieces on the album by Kid  ­Cudi, Young Jeezy, and Lil Wayne (who also sang with Auto-Tune). Despite this, his lyrics are still quite different from anything he’s written  ­before.  ­After  ­losing his mother and breaking up with his fiancee, West poured his sadness from these losses into this album. â€Å"808s and Heartbreak† is West’s fourth CD to go platinum and is the highest debut of his career. Although the  ­album has been criticized by some hip-hop magazines, many artists respect him for releasing something different and experimental. With a deep, cold,  ­lonely sound, â€Å"808s and  ­Heartbreak† is an emotional masterpiece.

Laura Blood Simple free essay sample

Compares 1944 1984 works as examples of film noir style, psychology, use of time place and characters. Laura (1944) and Blood Simple (1984) were made forty years apart and yet derive much of their vitality from similar film conventions. At the same time, the two films are very different in their treatment of the generic conventions. Both could be classified loosely as crime films, with the older being a police-detective story and the newer a more freewheeling and more cynical rehashing of various crime film conventions. Both take their shape from the style known as film noir. This is more a style than a genre in that no one in the 1940s when the style developed was consciously making a film noir. The term was applied long after by French critics who noticed a stylistic shift in American films in that period. The impetus for this approach to telling a story can be seen to have developed from the general social attitudes and psychological intensities of the. We will write a custom essay sample on Laura Blood Simple or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

The Importance of Sample Chicago Essay

The Importance of Sample Chicago EssayA sample Chicago essay serves as an ideal way to get started in your writing career. This kind of essay usually focuses on a particular event or idea and allows students to apply what they have learned from their lesson plans.A college or university with a basic syllabus of classes is typically required to provide students with some sort of example or sample of their writing. However, sometimes school administrators tend to find the common things boring or inappropriate. It is therefore recommended that college or university writing syllabi include an example of written material.In certain cases, a student may be searching for the right course to fulfill a specific need. A tutor may be able to give this student a great deal of assistance on his or her writing ability. In such cases, it may be helpful to get an idea of how to write an essay in a college or university.Sometimes, it is also possible to get a sample of Chicago essays throughout the y ear. These samples might be sent by the faculty as a means of expressing their gratitude for students' achievements in their courses. In other cases, they may be provided to the student on the recommendation of an acquaintance.Sample essays can also be found on the Internet. Some online reading and learning forums also offer these as a service to students.One of the advantages of these online essay examples is that the student's potential interest in writing is determined at the time of registration. If they are interested in writing, it is possible to find their sample. Also, if they don't have a single idea, it is possible to find the kind of writing they might be interested in doing.The size of a sample is important, as is the placement of the essay on a specific event-related topic. Depending on the type of written composition they want to write, this sample is provided to them.A Chicago sample essay serves as a guide for a student who is just beginning to learn the art of writi ng an essay. It also proves useful to those students who find the writing they need difficult to learn, and thus would like to have some pointers before they begin.

Free Essays on Spies

Women in the nineteenth century did not have the same rights as men, but they were still able to make a large impact in the Civil War. Women in the early 1800's were not allowed to vote and not able to possess their own money. Also women could not work, or they could not have a lawyer in court. Boys went to school when girls could not. Women could not go to school, so most were not well educated. Since women had few rights, they worked in the house all day doing chores like weaving cloth, sewing shoes, and making soap. Women worked in factories for little pay and all they were able to do was dust and clean. When the first shot of the Civil War at Fort Sumter was fired, the men rushed out to fight. Women stayed and did all the work that men used to do. They were capable of seeing what they could do while the men were at war. Families that were separated because of the Civil War communicated through letters. Women provided supplies that men could not get at war. When women finally decided to fight they were excited. Southern women supported the southern cause to keep slavery or they fought because their state believed in slavery. Northern women supported the northern cause to save the Union. Women in the Civil War served as spies, couriers, guides, scouts, saboteurs, and smugglers. They dressed as men and spied on the other side. Spies from the North used hot air balloons to watch the South make an important ship, the Virginia. There were many women who served as spies for the South. Some of these included Nancy Hurt, Belle Boyd, Rose O'Neal Greenhow, and Belle Boyd. Belle Boyd played an important role in the Civil War. Belle Boyd watched the Union soldiers travel all the way to Canada. Belle Boyd did this without getting caught and going to jail. The following spies were for the Union: Elizabeth Van Lew, Pauline Cushman, Mary Elizabeth Bowser, Harriet Tubman, and Emma Edmonds. Emma Edmonds fought in Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Sharpsbu... Free Essays on Spies Free Essays on Spies Women in the nineteenth century did not have the same rights as men, but they were still able to make a large impact in the Civil War. Women in the early 1800's were not allowed to vote and not able to possess their own money. Also women could not work, or they could not have a lawyer in court. Boys went to school when girls could not. Women could not go to school, so most were not well educated. Since women had few rights, they worked in the house all day doing chores like weaving cloth, sewing shoes, and making soap. Women worked in factories for little pay and all they were able to do was dust and clean. When the first shot of the Civil War at Fort Sumter was fired, the men rushed out to fight. Women stayed and did all the work that men used to do. They were capable of seeing what they could do while the men were at war. Families that were separated because of the Civil War communicated through letters. Women provided supplies that men could not get at war. When women finally decided to fight they were excited. Southern women supported the southern cause to keep slavery or they fought because their state believed in slavery. Northern women supported the northern cause to save the Union. Women in the Civil War served as spies, couriers, guides, scouts, saboteurs, and smugglers. They dressed as men and spied on the other side. Spies from the North used hot air balloons to watch the South make an important ship, the Virginia. There were many women who served as spies for the South. Some of these included Nancy Hurt, Belle Boyd, Rose O'Neal Greenhow, and Belle Boyd. Belle Boyd played an important role in the Civil War. Belle Boyd watched the Union soldiers travel all the way to Canada. Belle Boyd did this without getting caught and going to jail. The following spies were for the Union: Elizabeth Van Lew, Pauline Cushman, Mary Elizabeth Bowser, Harriet Tubman, and Emma Edmonds. Emma Edmonds fought in Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Sharpsbu...

I.e. vs E.g. vs Ex. Which Is Which

I.e. vs E.g. vs Ex. Which Is Which SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Struggling to figure out when you should use e.g. vs i.e.? What about i.e. vs ex.? E.g. vs e.x.? Those are enough abbreviations to make your head spin! In this article, we’ll break down what i.e., e.g., and ex. all stand for and explain how to use each properly in a sentence. We’ll also give you some quick tips for remembering which is which. The Bottom Line: What’s the Difference Between I.e., E.g., and Ex.? I.e., e.g., and ex. are all abbreviations. I.e. and e.g. are abbreviations for Latin phrases and ex. is an abbreviation for an English word. Let’s take a deeper look at each them. What Does I.e. Mean? â€Å"I.e† is an abbreviation for the Latin phrase â€Å"id est,† which translates to â€Å"that is† or â€Å"in other words.† Here’s a look at â€Å"i.e.† in action: â€Å"I am a vegetarian, i.e., I don’t eat meat.† In the example, â€Å"i.e.† is used to provide more clarification about what being a vegetarian means. You could also read the sentence as, â€Å"I am a vegetarian, in other words, I don’t eat meat.† What Does E.g. Mean? â€Å"E.g.† is an abbreviation for a Latin phrase as well. The Latin phrase â€Å"exemplia gratia† is the longer form of â€Å"e.g.† â€Å"Exemplia gratia† translates to â€Å"for example.† Let’s take a look at an example of â€Å"e.g.† in a sentence: â€Å"I love to eat vegetables, e.g., carrots, spinach, and arugula.† You use â€Å"e.g.† to introduce examples of something. In the sentence above, it’s used to introduce examples of the vegetables that the subject of the sentence likes. What Does Ex. Mean? â€Å"Ex.† is another abbreviation, but for an English word: â€Å"exercise.† Writers use â€Å"ex.† in their work to refer to an exercise. Many people think that â€Å"ex.† stands for example, but that’s a common mistake. â€Å"Ex.† is used to introduce exercises. Here’s a look at how: â€Å"Please refer to ex. 4.† The sentence instructs the reader to refer to an exercise later in the text, likely in an appendix. Rules for Using I.e., E.g., and Ex. in Writing Now that we know what e.g., i.e., and ex. mean, let’s look at how to use them correctly in writing. E.g., i.e., and ex. should all be written in lowercase when you use them in the middle of a sentence. E.g. and i.e. should be followed by a comma, as seen in the following examples: â€Å"There were many flavors of ice cream at the shop, e.g., chocolate, vanilla, cookie dough, and mint chocolate chip.† â€Å"I don’t like eating raw fish, i.e., sushi.† Even though e.g. and i.e. are both Latin abbreviations, you don’t need to italicize them in your writing. Tricks for Using I.e. vs E.g. vs Ex. Stuck trying to figure out when to use i.e. vs e.g., i.e. vs ex., or e.g. vs ex.? Don’t worry, there are a few tricks for remembering which abbreviation works for which situation. You don’t need to remember the Latin translations for i.e. or e.g. to know when to use them. Instead, remind yourself what each means! â€Å"I.e.† is another way of saying â€Å"in other words.† You can remember this because â€Å"i.e.† and â€Å"in other words† both start with the letter â€Å"i.† Whenever you write a sentence with â€Å"i.e.,† read it back to yourself and replace â€Å"i.e.† with â€Å"in other words.† If it makes sense, you’re using it right. If not, take another look at the sentence. â€Å"E.g.† in Latin is â€Å"exemplia gratia.† â€Å"E.g† means â€Å"for example,† so you can remember that â€Å"e.g.† is used to introduce different â€Å"exemplia† or â€Å"examples.† If you’re writing a sentence with â€Å"e.g.,† read it back to yourself and replace â€Å"e.g.† with â€Å"for example.† If it makes sense, you’re all set! If not, you’re probably using â€Å"e.g.† incorrectly. â€Å"Ex.† is short for â€Å"exercise.† You can remember that because â€Å"ex† and â€Å"exercise† both start with â€Å"ex.† Final Thoughts It’s tricky to remember the differences between i.e. vs e.g. vs ex. But it doesn’t have to be! Each has its own specific usage: â€Å"I.e.† is another way of saying â€Å"in other words.† â€Å"E.g.† is another way of saying â€Å"for example.† â€Å"Ex.† is an abbreviation for â€Å"exercise.† Remember that and you’ll be all set! What’s Next? Are you studying clouds in your science class?Get help identifying the different types of clouds with our expert guide. Need help with English class- specifically with identifying literary devices in texts you read?Then you'll definitely want to take a look at our comprehensive explanation of the most important literary devices and how they're used. Want to know the fastest and easiest ways to convert between Fahrenheit and Celsius? We've got you covered! Check out our guide to the best ways to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit (or vice versa).

Foreign Exchange Dealing Room Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Foreign Exchange Dealing Room - Essay Example According to the world- wide central banking organization which is the Bank for International Settlements, the amount of daily trading done in the forex market is more than three trillion US Dollars. Thus the trading amount is so much that it is much larger than all of the US stock markets taken together. Here, trading from the whole world is done with or without the involvement of hard cash. The trading begins in Sydney everyday, and moves first to Tokyo followed by London and then New York as the business day start in every financial sector. The exchange rates are shown around the world continuously on the computer. The trading takes place when any trader quotes a price for any currency on his machine, and then anyone in the word willing to trade at that particular price can reply to that message and trade. Thus the buyer and sellers can be from any country and virtually trade with other without being present at any particular. The trading takes place between three continents which makes it possible to react or change any decision by any trader regarding his trading activity any event or activity. The value of a particular currency relative to other currencies is influenced by many factors but the main factor affecting it is pure supply and demand of the market. If the demand rises or supply falls, it results in price rise or price fall respectively. 1. DEALING ROOM-ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE: Its organization consists of two tiers namely the retail tier and the wholesale tier. In the retail tier, trading in forex is done by the small agents whereas in the wholesale tier, the dealings between dispersed and diverse banks and big financial institutions , multinational corporations take place. In the forex market, the traders and the individuals have different access levels unlike the stock market, where every client can access the same price of stocks like the other participants or individuals. Whereas in the forex market, on the top level, there is the biggest investment banking firms like Citi and Deutsche Bank. At this level, where the difference between

Business Law Assignment-Immigrants as employees Essay

Business Law Assignment-Immigrants as employees - Essay Example As a result, there have been calls for on employers to take action and responsibility in properly vetting their non-citizen workers. However, this has proved to be a challenge with these immigrants using loopholes to gain permits and other important valid documents. This expose elucidates the role of the employer in the issue of illegal immigrant employees and the problem of selective enforcement of immigration laws. In addition, the expose further looks at the rights of those employees who have worked in the country for long as illegal immigrants. Finally, the expose examines there is a justification in the immigrants’ quest for a better life and failure to follow and enforce the law when helping citizens of other nations. There is no doubt that employers should play a role in the enforcement of the immigration laws. However, the issue whether the employer should be the focal point while enforcing immigration laws is in itself debate since it illustrates failure in the systems concerning implementation of the immigrations laws. Case in point, while conducting the raid at Swift & Co., some of the illegal immigrants who worked in the company had valid documents with them. These valid documents included legal social security numbers of United States residents used by the immigrants to acquire work permits and gain employment at Swift albeit illegally (Herridge). Hence, once the employer, Swift Co. in this case, identifies valid permits issued due to valid social security number there is no need of victimizing them since there are loopholes that the illegal immigrant used. The basic pilot program is a crucial tool to ensure that the employers play their role in identifying illegal immigrants while employing them. Essentially, the program enables employers verify electronically whether non-citizens employed, or seeking employment, in the company are eligible for employment. This tool effectively becomes a crucial and

Customer Satisfaction: Hotel Industry

Customer Satisfaction: Hotel Industry The Hotel Industry had a great pickup in early 1980s, at that time hotel businesses all over the globe tried their best to grew up to international level, different mergers and new continental hotels group came into existence in late 1980s. As research figures indicate tourism and hotel industries have turned into one of the most profitable sources of income throughout the world especially in last two decades. In 1990s Electronic businesses had approach hotel industry very quickly where that became a milestone for the said industry that was beginning of this realistic approach to be followed up by hotel industry. Capital expands from rich countries to least developed countries and than the life standard of the people improved on the global very quickly, more wellbeing requisites introduced to satisfy human needs in the shape of technology, more comfort necessities became familiarized and if we could try to portray the current picture of the world we could see hotel industry affected directly in this regard, hotel industry is responsible for the fulfillment of the human desire up to maximum level. It is an instinct of human nature to be creative all the time, measuring once level of satisfaction in hotel industry is quite difficult but there are obvious rules which can be followed to find the level of customers satisfaction attainment in the hotel industry, Express by Holiday Inn GSTS system has great responsibility to judge all customers issues and tell true pictures of the services levels of the hotel. Abstract The study mainly reviews and discusses the topic of customer satisfaction and its application to the Hospitality industries. Defines the concept and analyzes its importance to services and its importance to serves in general and to hospitality / tourism services in particular. Following a discussion on the dimensions and attributes of satisfaction, lists the main methods of measuring satisfaction and concludes with a review of global and cross-cultural issues that affect satisfaction in hotel industry. consequently this research aims to investigate the customer satisfaction level in Express by Holiday Inn hotel, London City (Firoka Group of companies UK Ltd), to apply a tool of SERVQUAL model in Express by holiday Inn hotel, London City. Study has also enlisted descriptive survey, feedbacks, trends, approaches research collection questionnaire; the research questionnaire data contain 25 questions. We discussed approaches toward integration and comprehensive model of satisfaction and loyalty, The quality of the Relation Customer Orientation The competitive Advantage We will focus on rational questions Why should we measure customer satisfaction and who should be involved? What will be the process involve? Where Do I Start? How Do I measure Satisfaction? How can I get insight from the result? How do I communicate and action the results and then what? The analyzed obtained data revealed that guests perceptions of the offered services were below than expected average level of an index indicating, which gives us an idea that service level not at optimal level. The overall services quality standards needs to be calculated in terms of satisfaction to encounter the differential gap of optimization. List of Tables List of Figures Declaration Chapter 1 1.0 Introduction: Living in competitive world today wasnt being challenged ever before, Economic, Socio Cultural environmental effects are deciding future of the world businesses today, this era is more complex due to its immense finance requirements, More competitive tools have been evolved to satisfy human needs, Presently Service industry prevailing great deal of challenges where! Every customer has high demands on lowest prices, Life standards are increased with the passage of time so as expectations! and it is very important for one business to calculate its expectation level towards its customers and judge where it is standing in the markets, In the Hotel industry the trust of the customer is very much fragile, It is almost necessary for all hotel businesses to keep themselves well updated about customers needs and market demands, To count prompt responses of the hotel customers there are many systems are being utilizing by the hotel industry, Express by holiday Inn is a franchise hotel of InterContinental hotel group, IHG Group has centralized reservation department which looking after all customers issues, They also responsible to prepare performance report of an individual affiliated franchise hotel world wide on monthly basis, the report GSTS encounter all areas which need to be focus in terms of customers satisfaction, later we will discusses in details all main areas of that report. Customer satisfaction is the leading decisive factor for determining the quality and standard which is actually delivered to the customer through the product, service or by the accompanying servicing. (Vavra, 1997); Its simply stated, Customer satisfaction is essential for corporate survival Several studies have found that it costs about five times as much in time, money and resources to attract a new customer as it does to retain an existing customer (Neumann, 1995). This creates the challenge of maintaining high levels of service, awareness of customer expectations and improvement in services and product. Hayes states that; Knowledge of customer expectations and requirements is essential for two reasons it provides understanding of how the customer defines quality of services and products, and facilitates the development of a customer satisfaction questionnaire (Hayes, 1997, p7). Furthermore, customer satisfaction is recognized as of great importance to all commercial firms because of its influence on repeat purchases and word of mouth recommendations (Berkman and Gilson, 1986). The researcher interest is to carryout a study of customer satisfaction at Express by Holiday Inn, London. 1.1 Aims Objectives of the Study The main objective is to conduct the customer satisfaction and its measurement in the hotel industry with special reference to Express by Holiday Inn Hotel, London. Subsidiary Objectives Analyses of costs demonstrating that customer retention is substantially less expensive than customer acquisition. Customer behaviorists in the area of lodging, restaurant, food services and tourism. Customer satisfaction is a psychological concept. Customer purchase goods and service with pre purchase expectations about anticipated performance. Assessment of satisfaction is made during the service delivery process. Satisfaction is not a universal phenomenon and everyone is not getting the same satisfaction out of the same hospitality experience. Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, Empathy and Tangibles. Research Problem Customer satisfaction research is not an end into itself. The purpose, of course, in measuring customer satisfaction is to see where a company stands in this regard in the eyes of its customers, thereby enabling service and product improvements which will lead to higher satisfaction level. Satisfaction is not a universal phenomenon and not everyone gets the same satisfaction out of the same hospitality experience. The reason is that customers have different needs, objectives and past experiences that influence their expectation. The results of a customer satisfaction survey need to be evaluated to determine what needs to be improved. Goals should be as specific as possible. Hotels are often challenged on how to best increase guest satisfaction, and how to optimize both price and occupancy. Employee satisfaction, guestroom cleanliness, amenities, appearance, food and services all contribute to customer satisfaction, and increase customer satisfaction is a proven driver of guest retent ion and higher occupancy rates. Understanding customer experience through research is widely recognized as a key factor in improving long-term business performance. Express by Holiday Inn Hotel had a requirement to obtain daily feedback at an individual level by rooms/reception questionnaire in general for its GSTS (Guest satisfaction tracking system). It has to introduce web based questionnaire survey to create an opportunity to built feedback interface for general public to get provided a cost-effective and practical methodology so hotel future guest see the reviews in term of past feedbacks. In the customer arena, we believe that regular, quantitative measurement of customer satisfaction provides a much better lead indicator of future organizational health than profitability of market share change (Tom Peters, Management guru) Significance of Study Customer Satisfaction measurement (CSM) consists of on two major roles Providing Information Enabling Communication with Customers The initial or primary reason for taking the time to measure customer satisfaction is based on to collect the information. It means that what customers say that need to be done differently or on the other hand to assess how well an organization is currently meeting its customer needs or requirements. But the secondary is not less important function of CSM in hospitality industry that by surveying customers. An organization is emphasis its interest in communicating with its customers. In hotel industry, its always finding out customers needs, pleasures, displeasures and overall well being. Though it is impossible to measure the satisfaction of every single customer needs. The customer satisfaction may different from organization to organization or hotel to hotel. Here we would like to quote Neumann (1995) five objectives suggestions as follows: To get close to the customer Measure continuous improvement To achieve customer driven improvement To measure competitive strengths and weaknesses To link Customer Satisfaction Measurement (CSM) data to internal systems hypothesis Customer Satisfaction is a psychological concept. Customer purchase goods and services with pre purchase expectations. Assessment of satisfaction is made during the service delivery process. Satisfaction is not Universal phenomenon. Recognition of the employees who contribute to the Customers satisfaction Customer based improvement goals Plans for improving operational variables Incorporation of customer satisfaction skills into employees training program Measurement and plan for improvement of employee satisfaction Importance of my Study To satisfy each and every customer or to meet his / her expectation every time is not an easy task especially in hotel industry. This work is to investigate and examine the psychology of the customer, their expectations and behaviour. Tools of data Collection The data collection would include the use of questionnaire, scheduled interviews, guest feedback, and management feedback, guest services track system (GSTS), guest survey, and personal experience along with personal observation. In the questionnaire design, I will use the respondent completes short closed ended questions and long open ended questions. In the interview design, I would like to use personal forms, sharing their experience and work directly with the respondent. In the guest feedback, I would like to get the guest feedback while they are checking out from the hotel, compare their past and current experience. In the management feedback, I would like to get the information from management regarding the standard and complaint level of the guest activities in the hotel. 1.2 Objectives 1.3 Rationale 1.4 Background of the Organisation 1.5 Structure of the Dissertation 1.5.1 Introduction 1.5.2 Literature Review 1.5.3 Methodology 1.5.4 Analysis Results 1.5.5 Discussions 1.5.6 Conclusion Recommendations Chapter 2 2.0 Literature Review 2.1Customer Satisfaction Customer satisfaction is an important topic for both researchers and managers, because a high level of customer satisfaction leads to an increase in repeat patronage among current customers and aids customer recruitment by enhancing an organizations marker reputation. Being able to successfully judge customers satisfaction levels and to apply that knowledge are critical starting points to establishing and maintaining long term customer retention and long term competitiveness (Yuksel Yuksel, 2002). Customer satisfaction brings many benefits. Satisfaction increases customer retention and customer retention is dependent on the substance of the relationship between parties which is also affected by the service delivered. Satisfaction is an overall customer attitude towards a service provider, or an emotional reaction to the difference between what customers anticipate and what they receive (Zineldin, 2000), regarding the fulfillment of some need, goal or desire. For most products or services, aspects of performance can be objectively assessed. Although these attributes can be objectively measured, customers assessments may not objectively reflect measured performance. Some clients may be taken to several homes that fit their criteria but are unsuitable to the clients personal taste which leads to the clients assessment of the service as being unpleasant because they did not see listings that they liked. Kano, Bentler and Li-tze (1984) developed a model to categorize the attributes of a product or service based on how well they are able to satisfy customer needs. Considering Kanos model, one sees how it may not be enough to merely satisfy customers by meeting only their basic and performance needs. In a highly competitive marketplace, organizations need to adopt strategies and to create product attributes targeted specifically at exciting customers and over-satisfying them (Tan Pawitra, 2001). In real estate to excite or over satisfy customers, an agent would need to have a thorough and vast knowledge of all listings in the local area. In essence, it is the experience and attitudes of the individuals in closest contact with customers that are most likely to affect whether or not customers are satisfied and willing to return to the company. It is also the people in direct contact with customers who determine who the retained and satisfied customers are, and their experience determines how they treat the customers (Hansemark Albinsson, 2004) thus impacting on the service quality delivered. 2-4-1-Customer satisfaction and measuring system: To realize customer satisfaction, everyone within the organization should consider continuous improvement as something normal. As part of this strategy it is important to define the product or service and the customers needs, making an inventory of customers data and complaints, and selecting processes which cause most of these complaints. The central questions in this case are: which products or services do we provide? Who are our customers? What do they want, what are their requirements? Is it measurable? Which critical processes need improvement? By answering these questions continuously, the customer will be better understood, and the product or service will be better in and to create product attributes targeted specifically at exciting customers and over-satisfying them (Tan Pawitra, 2001). In real estate to excite or over satisfy customers, an agent would need to have a thorough and vast knowledge of all listings in the local area. In essence, it is the experience and attitudes of the individuals in closest contact with customers that are most likely to affect whether or not customers are satisfied and willing to return to the company. It is also the people in direct contact with customers who determine who the retaine and satisfied customers are, and their experience determines how they treat the customers (Hansemark Albinsson, 2004) thus impacting on the service quality delivered. To realize customer satisfaction, everyone within the organization should consider continuous improvement as something normal. As part of this strategy it is important to define the product or service and the customers needs, making an inventory of customers data and complaints, and selecting processes which cause most of these complaints. The central questions in this case are: which products or services do we provide? Who are our customers? What do they want, what are their requirements? Is it measurable? Which critical processes need improvement? By answering these questions continuously, the customer will be better understood, and the product or service will be better in tune with the market demand. Which Products/ Services do we provide? First of all, define the most important product or services as concretely as possible. This Definition must indicate what you are really doing as a supplier. The more specific the definition, the better the customers need can be met. Who are our customers? It is important to understand the entire chain of customers. This means that you should know all of your customers. The needs of each customer must be examined separately. Not only the external, but also the internal customers should be considered. In fact, if the company does not satisfy the needs of the internal customers, how will it be able to comply with the needs of the external customer? All employees determine the degree of customer satisfaction. Employees from within different departments must be considered customers of each other. By bringing individual employees together as customers and suppliers, the traditional barriers between departments will be broken. Each employee delivers something to a colleague, whereby one unction as the internal supplier and the other as the internal customer. What do they want, what are their requirements? As a supplier, you should try to figure out what the customer needs and wants. Communication is hereby very important. Talk to your customers and ask them what they think of your product or service. Try to figure out how they use it and what they really want. Listen especially to what they have to say and indicate which customer-supplier relationship needs improvements. The central questions hereby are: -Which needs and expectations do your customers have? -Which needs and expectations do you know? -To what extent do you comply with the needs and expectations of your customers? -If you do not satisfy their needs, what is the reason according to your customers? Making an inventory of customers data, customers complaints and benchmarking are important opportunities to improve the customer orientation of the organization. Information about the opinion of the customer regarding a product or service is of essential importance, and can be obtained in several ways, such as customer surveys, phone interviews, and customer panel discussions. Customer surveys are a powerful tool to get information about what the customer thinks and expects. In general, questionnaires are used with different questions, which may vary from organization to organization. Is it measurable? To comply with the needs of the customer, it is necessary to translate these into product specifications. Quality function deployment is a practical technique to do this. Usually, it is necessary to negotiate with the customer, which results in feasible and agreed on customers requirements, which are measurable and understood by all parties. All statements of the customer about qualitative aspects must be translated into quantitative specifications for the supplier. Define clearly and explicitly what they are talking about. Customer Satisfaction Measuring System: A customer satisfaction measuring system is shown in Table (2-1), to illustrate the activities needed to improve your customer satisfaction. Mark a possibility in this checklist with a cross at each question, and discuss the results of these measurements, and check why this customer Many of these recommendations also apply to your relationships with external suppliers. Treat your suppliers as though they are an integral part of your organization. Listen to their ideas on how you can work closely and productively together, create joint improvement teams with them, invite suggestions from them, assist them in improving their own processes, build mutual trust and respect, reward them if they achieve improvements, let them participate in the celebration of success, involve them in the development of new products and processes, and become a better customer yourself. Expanding your culture of continuous improvement to all your suppliers will ensure that the quality of your inputs is sufficient to meet your own improvement objectives. If possible, minimize the number of suppliers; go with the few best and improvement oriented suppliers with a demonstrated continuous improvement culture and effective leadership by top-management, based on a long term partnership contract. Table (2-1) Customer satisfaction measurement: I customers 1. Do you know who your customers are and how many customers you have? 2. Do you listen effectively to all your customers? 3. Do you regularly make up an inventory of all the needs and expectations of your customers? 4. Did you segment your customers based on their needs? 5. Do you routinely conduct surveys among your customers about your products and services? 6. Are all your employees informed about the results of these surveys? 7. Are more than 75 percent of your customers satisfied? 8. Do you anticipate customer needs? 9. Do you treat each customer as unique? 10. Are complaints replied to whit in two days and solved within one week? 11. Do you stimulate customers to register their complaints? 12. Do you use e-business tools to communicate with customers? 13. Do you have a customers helpdesk or a call center? 14. Do you know which percentage of the customers who terminated their relationship with your organization did this out of dissatisfaction? 15. Are complaints systematically registered and analyzed in your organization? 16. Did you establish complaints handling procedures and are these routinely used in your organization? 17. Do you measure the degree of customer loyalty? 18. Do you make recommendations to customers about the products or services that best suit their needs? 19. Do you know what the costs are when you lose a customer? 20. Do you know what the costs are to gain a new customer? 21. Do you know how much sales you lose due to unsatisfied customers? 22. Do you regularly visit your customers? 23. Do you regularly organize meetings with customers groups to learn about their needs, wants, ideas, and complaints? II. Leadership 24. As a manager, do you know how many complaints are received yearly? 25. is there commitment at top-management for customer orientation? 26. Did you integrate customer satisfaction into the norms and values of the organization? 27. Are these norms and values clearly communicated to all your customers? 28. Does management recognize visible trends and do they anticipate these in a timely manner? 29. Is management convinced of the importance of satisfied customers and do they act accordingly? 30. Does management try to express the importance of satisfied customers to the organization at every occasion? 31. Does management set a good example with regard to customer friendly behavior? 32. Is management open to suggestions and ideas of customers? 33. Does management personally reward those employees who deliver a valuable contribution to increased customers satisfaction? 34. Are relationships with customers reasonably supported and stimulated by management? 35. Is management at all times available to the customer? 36. Does customer satisfaction also belong to the evaluation criteria of management? 37. Are the customers wishes continuously taken into consideration when taking decisions? 38. Does top management also personally handle complaints of customers? 39. Do all members of management in the company have personal contact with external customers at least once a week? III- Policy 40. Is customer satisfaction part of your organizations vision? 41. Did you formulate concrete goals regarding the degree of customer satisfaction? 42. Have you developed e-business strategies for the next two years to increase customer satisfaction? 43. Is the customer satisfaction policy continuously communicated to all employees? 44. Do you have a partnership relation with all your customers based on mutual respect and trust? 45. Do you involve your customers in the development of promotional activities? 46. Do you guarantee your customers a minimal service level and/or complete satisfaction? 47. is there continuous benchmarking with regard to customer satisfaction? 48. Do you involve your customers with the execution of improvement processes in your company? 49. Are more than 50 percent of your employees involved with the improvement of customer orientation? 50. Do you have guidelines with regard to optimally satisfying the customer? 51. Are all employees following these guidelines? 52. Do you have an up-to-date databank in which all characteristics of your customers are registered? IV- Products / services and process 53. Are products delivered within the period expected by the customer? 54. Have you fully integrated the telephone, fax, internet, and any other technology that the customer wants to use to do business? 55. is the phone in you organization answered within three rings in more that 90 percent of the cases? 56. Is every function and each process in your organization arranged to optimally comply with the expectations of your customers? 57. Do these expectations form the basis of internal performance indicators? 58. Are these indicators continuously measured and analyzed? 59. Do you use measured customer satisfaction as an indicator for process improvement? 60. Did you appoint process owners for controlling processes? 61. Do you involve your customers in the development of new products and processes? 62. Do you measure the satisfaction of your internal customers? 63. Do supporting departments within your organization guarantee quality of the work they deliver? V. Human resource management 64. Does customer orientation belong to the profile of the desired employee? 65. Do you have an introduction program in which new employees are also educated concerning the importance of satisfied customers? 66. Are your employees who continuously perform in a customer-oriented manner rewarded? 67. Is training mandatory for each employee in your organization? 68. Are customer orientation and continuous work towards improvement criteria for promotion? 69. Do you regularly organize excursions for your employees and your important customers? 70. Do your marketing employees receive a training of at least two weeks each year in customer orientation? 71. Are your marketing employees free in taking decisions to satisfy customers? 72. Are your marketing employees free to spend what is necessary to correct a mistake made with a customer? 73. Do you involve your employees in improvement projects about increasing customer satisfaction? 74. Do you stimulate your employees to generate ideas about increasing customer satisfactions? 75. Are the employees interest and the interest of the customer related? 2-5. Service quality The concept of service quality as a whole construct is large and varied. The theory has been elaborated on by many researchers. Berry, Parasuraman and Zeithaml (1985) write service quality as perceived by consumers stems from a comparison of what they feel service firms should offer (i.e. from their expectations) with their perception of the performance of the firm providing the services. Perceived service quality is therefore viewed as the degree and direction of discrepancy between consumers perceptions and expectations. For example in real estate, this would be what the client is expecting from the agent in comparison to which is actually delivered by that agent. In real estate, that interaction occurs from the moment the client and agent s peak either verbally or electronically. It is evident that research on goods quality is inadequate in the service field, which has three inherent characteristics: intangibility, heterogeneity and inseparability between production and consumption (Berry, Parasuraman and Zeithmal, 1985). 2-5-1. The Customers Perspective of Service Quality Service quality is usually expressed as a function of customers expectations of the service to be provided (based upon their previous experience, the organizations image, the price of the service for example) compared with their perceptions of the actual service experience (Gronroos, 1984; Berry et al, 1985; Johnston and Heineke, 1998). Perceptions are defined as the consumers judgment of the service organizations performance. However, Parasuraman et al (1988) delve deeper and define the service performance gap as the discrepancy between the specifications of service and the delivery (Chenet, Tynan Money, 2000).